Sacaco, Arequipa: Pleistocene, Peru

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Mammalia - Megatheriidae
MUSM 15: a partial skeleton including fragments of the skull, hyoid apparatus, and mandible (with two teeth), three sacral vertebrae, the 12 posterior caudal vertebrae, a hemal arch, several ribs, distal epiphysis of R and L humeri, proximal epiphysis of R radius, L radius, R and L ulnae, R and L scaphoids, L cuneiform (medial side damaged), L pisiform, L trapezoid (medial side damaged), L unciform, R magnum, R and L palmar sesamoids, L MCC, L McII±V and R IV-V, L P1-II (dorsal portion absent), L P3-II (dorsal half of the articulation absent), L P(1±2)- III, R and L P3-III, L P1-IV, R and L P2-IV, R and L P3-IV, R and L proximal P-V, R femur (most of medial surface missing), L patella, R tibia-®bula, distal half of L tibia-®bula, one ossi®ed meniscus of the knee joint, R and L cyamellae, R and L astragali, R calcaneum, R and L cuboids, L navicular, R ectocuneiform, L MEC, L MtIII, R MtIV, R and L P(1±2)-III, L P3-III, and one sesamoid (fabella?).
Mammalia - Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae
Mothé et al. 2017
MUSM s/n
Stegomastodon sp. Pohlig 1912
Mothé and Avilla 2015
Mammalia - Rodentia - Cricetidae
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Equus cf. santaeelenae Spillmann 1938
see common names

Geography
Country:Peru State/province:Arequipa
Coordinates: 15.5° South, 74.8° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:15.4° South, 74.5° West (Wright 2013)
Basis of coordinate:stated in text
Altitude:100 meters
Geographic resolution:outcrop
Time
Period: Quaternary Epoch: Pleistocene
10 m.y. bin: Cenozoic 6
Key time interval: Pleistocene
Age range of interval: 2.58 - 0.0117 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Stratigraphy comments: Quaternary deposits of Sacaco overlying the Pisco Formation (Miocene±Pliocene) (Muizon
1981; Marocco and Muizon 1988) and Tres Ventanas cave, of Peruvian Andes (Engel 1970).
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: unlithified not reported
Includes fossils?Y
Lithology description: Quaternary deposits of Sacaco overlying the Pisco Formation.
Environment:terrestrial indet.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body,original phosphate
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Collection methods and comments
Reason for describing collection:taxonomic analysis
Taxonomic list comments:A field campaign in the Sacaco-Lomas area in February-March 2000 recovered a new Pleistocene mammalian fauna at Aguada de Lomas, Sacaco 1, and Sacaco 2 (Pujos and Salas 2002). Sacaco 2 yielded various remains, including MUSM 15, considered the holotype of M. urbinai and associated with fragmentary bones of Equus (Amerhippus) cf. santa-elenae (Equidae: Equinae), Stego- mastodon sp. (Gomphotheridae: Anancinae), and a juvenile mandible of Calomys sp. (Muridae: Sigmodontinae).
Metadata
Database number:144922
Authorizer:C. Jaramillo, P. Mannion Enterer:J. Ceballos, M. Kouvari, A. Cárdenas, J. Carrillo
Modifier:M. Kouvari Research group:vertebrate
Created:2013-05-21 05:27:54 Last modified:2025-02-22 15:12:02
Access level:authorizer only Released:2015-05-21 05:27:54
Creative Commons license:CC0
Reference information

Primary reference:
46878. F. Pujos and R. Salas. 2004. A new species of Megatherium (Mammalia: Xenarthra: Megatheriidae) from the Pleistocene of Sacaco and Tres Ventanas, Peru. Palaeontology 47(3):579-604 [C. Jaramillo/J. Ceballos/A. Cárdenas]

Secondary references:

66428 D. Mothé and L. Avilla. 2015. Mythbusting evolutionary issues on South American Gomphotheriidae (Mammalia: Proboscidea). Quaternary Science Reviews 110:23-35 [C. Jaramillo/J. Carrillo]
73598 D. Mothé, L. dos Santos Avilla, L. Asevedo, L. Borges-Silva, M. Rosas, R. Labarca-Encina, R. Souberlich, E. Soibelzon, J. L. Roman-Carrion, S. D. Ríos, A. D. Rincon, G. Cardoso Oliveira, and R. P. Lopes. 2017. Sixty years after ‘The mastodonts of Brazil’: The state of the art of South American proboscideans (Proboscidea, Gomphotheriidae). Quaternary International 443:52-64 [P. Mannion/M. Kouvari]