Grillental: Early Miocene, Namibia
collected by M. Pickford and B. Senut 1990, 2000
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
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Reptilia
- Testudines
- Testudinidae
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| de Lapparent de Broin 2003 | ||||||||||
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Reptilia
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| 1 fragment | ||||||||||
| 1 fragment of dentigerous bone (GT 36’97m) | ||||||||||
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Lacertilia indet.
(Owen 1842)
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1 element | |||||||||
| 1 trunk vertebra (GT 36’97n) | ||||||||||
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Amphisbaenia indet.
(Gray 1844)
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2 elements | |||||||||
| 2 incomplete trunk vertebrae | ||||||||||
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Reptilia
- Colubridae
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| 1 element | ||||||||||
| 1 trunk vertebra (GT 36’97) | ||||||||||
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Natricinae indet.
Bonaparte 1838
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1 element | |||||||||
| 1 trunk vertebra (GT 139’04), from "GT Quarry" | ||||||||||
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Reptilia
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Scolecophidia indet.
(Duméril and Bibron 1844)
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1 element | |||||||||
| 1 trunk vertebra (GT 36’97p) | ||||||||||
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Reptilia
- Boidae
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Boidae indet.
Gray 1825
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8 elements | |||||||||
| 4 teeth (GT 36’97n), 3 vertebrae of juveniles (GT 36’97m), 1 caudal vertebra (GT 36’97t) | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Anthracotheriidae
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Brachyodus depereti
Fourtau 1918
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Pickford 2003 | |||||||||
| unnumbered South African Museum | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Creodonta
- Hyaenodontidae
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| Morales et al. 2008 | 2 specimens | |||||||||
| GT 53’06, GT 58’06, "Hyainailouros or Megistotherium indet." | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Creodonta
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| Morales et al. 2008 | 1 specimen | |||||||||
| EF 208’01, left P4/ | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Amphicyonidae
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Ysengrinia sp.
Ginsburg 1965
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Morales et al. 2008 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
| GT 4’04: right Mt IV. | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Viverridae
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| Morales et al. 2008 | 1 specimen | |||||||||
| GT6 - 1’06 right mandible with p/1-m/2. | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Nimravidae
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Afrosmilus africanus
(Andrews 1914)
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Morales et al. 2008 | 2 specimens | ||||||||
| GT 77’07 left Mt II; GT 79’07, left scapholunar | ||||||||||
| see common names | ||||||||||
Geography
| Country: | Namibia | State/province: | Karas | County: | Luderitz |
| Coordinates: | 27.0° South, 15.3° East (view map) | ||||
| Paleocoordinates: | 31.9° South, 13.4° East (Wright 2013) | ||||
| Basis of coordinate: | stated in text | ||||
| Geographic resolution: | local area |
Time
| Period: | Neogene | Epoch: | Miocene |
| 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 5 | ||
| Key time interval: | Early Miocene | ||
| Age range of interval: | 23.04 - 15.98 m.y. ago |
Stratigraphy
| Formation: | Elisabeth Bay | ||||
| Stratigraphic resolution: | group of beds | ||||
| Stratigraphy comments: The fossiliferous beds were assigned to the Elisabeth Bay Formation by Greenman (1966, unpubl. MSc thesis) but this unit, as originally defined, is penetrated by a major unconformity comprising a hiatus of about 15 Ma (Pickford & Senut, 1999, p. 61 & 76). The name Elisabeth Bay Formation here refers only to the lower, fluvial part of the series which is of Lower Miocene age (Pickford & Senut, 1999, p. 76). | |||||
Lithology and environment
| Primary lithology: | "siliciclastic" |
| Environment: | fluvial indet. |
| Geology comments: The Miocene sediments of the Grillental localities have been deposited in an incised valley that was cut into the pre-Miocene bedrock of the Namib Coastal Plain during the late Oligocene or earliest Miocene, "when the sea level was appreciably lower than it is today." Incised valley and Miocene deposits represent the so-called Proto-Kaukausib drainage system (Pickford & Senut, 1999, fig. 4-2/p. 62). | |
Taphonomy
| Modes of preservation: | body |
| Size of fossils: | macrofossils,mesofossils |
Collection methods and comments
| Collection methods: | survey of museum collection | ||
| Reason for describing collection: | taxonomic analysis | ||
| Collectors: | M. Pickford and B. Senut | Collection dates: | 1990s, 2000s |
| Collection method comments: The squamate material listed by Rage (2008) was collected by Martin Pickford and Brigitte Senut in the course of the Namibia Paleontology Expedition (NPE) in the 1990s and 2000s and is reposited in the Geological Survey of Namibia in Windhoek. | |||
Metadata
| Also known as: | Sperrgebiet | ||
| Database number: | 168036 | ||
| Authorizer: | J. Mueller, P. Holroyd, R. Butler, E. Vlachos | Enterer: | T. Liebrecht, R. Butler, E. Vlachos, P. Holroyd |
| Modifier: | R. Butler | Research group: | vertebrate |
| Collections that are a subset of this one: | |||
| Created: | 2015-04-13 12:14:34 | Last modified: | 2025-02-22 15:12:02 |
| Access level: | the public | Released: | 2015-04-13 12:14:34 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC0 | ||
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 55022. | J.-C. Rage. 2008. Squamate reptiles from the Lower Miocene of the Sperrgebiet, Namibia. In M. Pickford and B. Senut (eds.), Geology and palaeobiology of the northern Sperrgebiet, Namibia. Memoir of the Geological Survey of Namibia (Ministry of Mines and Energy, Windhoek) 20:93-103 [J. Mueller/T. Liebrecht] |
Secondary references:
| 66484 | F. de Lapparent de Broin. 2003. Miocene Chelonians from southern Namibia. Memoir of the Geological Survey of Namibia 19:67-102 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos] | |
| 57517 | J. Morales, M. Pickford, and M. J. Salesa. 2008. Creodonta and Carnivora from the Early Miocene of the Northern Sperrgebiet, Namibia. Memoir of the Geological Survey of Namibia 20:291-310 [R. Butler/R. Butler] | |
| 72379 | M. Pickford . 2003. Early and middle Miocene Anthracotheriidae (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) from the Sperregebiet, Namibia. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of Namibia 19:283-289 [P. Holroyd/P. Holroyd] |