Love Bone Bed: Late Clarendonian, Florida

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Chondrichthyes - Lamniformes - Lamnidae
Carcharodon sp. Smith 1838
Pimiento 2014
Chondrichthyes - Lamniformes - Otodontidae
Pimiento 2014
Chondrichthyes - Lamniformes - Carchariidae
Odontaspis taurus (Rafinesque 1810)
Chondrichthyes - Carcharhiniformes - Galeocerdidae
Galeocerdo cuvieri (Peron and LeSueur 1822)
Chondrichthyes - Carcharhiniformes - Hemigaleidae
Pimiento 2014
Chondrichthyes - Carcharhiniformes - Carcharhinidae
Pimiento 2014
Carcharhinus sp. de Blainville 1816
Pimiento 2014
Carcharhinus leucas (Valenciennes 1839)
Rhizoprionodon sp. Whitley 1929
Pimiento 2014
Chondrichthyes - Rhinopristiformes - Pristidae
Pristis sp. Linck 1790
Pimiento 2014
Actinopteri - Elopiformes - Megalopidae
Actinopteri - Siluriformes - Ictaluridae
Actinopteri - Labriformes - Labridae
Labridae indet. (Cuvier 1816)
Actinopteri - Perciformes - Lutjanidae
Lutjanus sp. Bloch 1790
Actinopteri - Perciformes - Sparidae
Lagodon cf. rhomboides (Linnaeus 1766)
Actinopteri - Acanthuriformes - Sciaenidae
Actinopteri - Centropomidae
Centropomus sp. Lacépède 1802
Actinopteri - Lepisosteiformes - Lepisosteidae
Atractosteus cf. spatula (Lacepede 1803)
Actinopteri - Amiiformes - Amiidae
Amia cf. calva Linnaeus 1766
Tetraodontiformes - Diodontidae
Chilomycterus sp. Brisout de Barneville 1846
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Urodela
Siren sp. Linnaeus 1766
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Ranidae
Ranidae indet. Rafinesque 1814
Reptilia - Charadriiformes
Charadrii indet. Huxley 1867
Reptilia - Suliformes - Phalacrocoracidae
Phalacrocoracidae indet. Reichenbach 1850
Reptilia - Suliformes - Anhingidae
Anhingidae indet. Ridgway 1887
    = Anhinga grandis Martin and Mengel 1975
Becker 1987
Reptilia - Pelecaniformes - Ardeidae
Ardeola sp. Boie 1822
Becker 1985
Ardeidae indet. Leach 1820
Becker 1985
Egretta sp. Forster 1817
Becker 1985
Reptilia - Pelecaniformes - Threskiornithidae
Reptilia - Ciconiiformes - Ciconiidae
Ciconiidae indet. Sundevall 1836
Reptilia - Phoenicopteriformes - Phoenicopteridae
Phoenicopteridae indet. Bonaparte 1838
Reptilia - Anseriformes - Anatidae
Anserinae indet. Vigors 1825
Anatinae indet. Vigors 1825
Reptilia - Passeriformes
Passeriformes indet. Linnaeus 1758
Reptilia - Podicipediformes - Podicipedidae
Podicipedidae indet. Bonaparte 1831
Reptilia - Gruiformes - Gruidae
Gruidae indet. Vigors 1825
Reptilia - Gruiformes - Rallidae
Rallinae indet. Vigors 1825
Fulicinae indet. Nitzsch 1820
Reptilia - Gruiformes - Aramidae
Aramidae indet. Bonaparte 1854
Reptilia - Cathartiformes - Cathartidae
Vulturidae indet. Illiger 1811
Becker 1986
Reptilia - Accipitriformes - Pandionidae
Pandionidae indet. Sclater and Salvin 1873
Becker 1985
Reptilia - Accipitriformes - Accipitridae
Accipitridae indet. Viellot 1816
unclassified
Reptilia
"mississipiensis"
    = Alligator sp. Daudin 1809
Whiting et al. 2016
UF 289209, 289207, 289280
UF 289203, 289202, 289201
Reptilia - Colubridae
cf. Elaphe sp. Wagler 1833
cf. Lampropeltis getulus (Linnaeus 1766)
Xenodontinae indet. Bonaparte 1845
sp. 3 ("similar to Dryinoides Auffenberg")
cf. Heterodon sp. Latreille 1801
sp. 1
cf. Natrix sp. Laurenti 1768
    = cf. Nerodia sp. Baird and Girard 1853
Alroy 2007
cf. Thamnophis sp. Fitzinger 1843
Reptilia - Crotalidae
"Crotalus or Agkistrodon"
cf. Sistrurus sp. Garman 1883
Reptilia - Typhlopidae
? Typhlops sp. Oppel 1811
Reptilia - Testudines - Emydidae
Terrapene sp. Merrem 1820
said to be new
Bourque 2013
Jackson 1976
Reptilia - Testudines - Testudinidae
Geochelone sp. Fitzinger 1835
large
Reptilia - Testudines - Chelydridae
Bourque 2013
Reptilia - Testudines - Kinosternoidea
cf. Kinosternon sp. von Spix 1824
Bourque 2013
"cf. Kinosternon n. sp."
Bourque 2015
UF 43031 (holotype), a nuchal
Reptilia - Testudines - Trionychidae
Trionyx cf. ferox Schneider 1783
    = Apalone cf. ferox Schneider 1783
Alroy 2007
Valdes et al. 2017
UF 43069, nearly complete car- apace. A right hyoplastron (UF 246380) may represent part of the same individual.
Mammalia - Rodentia - Sciuridae
Mammalia - Rodentia - Cricetidae
Baskin 1986
probably includes "Copemys sp." based on phylogenetic discussion
Mammalia - Rodentia - Mylagaulidae
(2 measurements)
Baskin 1980
Mammalia - Rodentia - Castoridae
Mammalia - Lagomorpha - Leporidae
Alroy 2002
Mammalia - Soricidae
Soricidae indet. Fischer 1814
Mammalia - Talpidae
Talpidae indet. (Fischer de Waldheim 1817)
Mammalia - Carnivora - Felidae
Baskin 1981
(3 measurements)
Mammalia - Carnivora - Nimravidae
Baskin 1981
Mammalia - Carnivora - Canidae
Alroy 2002
confirmed by Baskin 1998a, Wang et al. 1999
Baskin 2005
Alroy 2002
confirmed by Baskin 1998a, Wang et al. 1999
cf. Urocyon sp. Baird 1857
Baskin 2005
Mammalia - Carnivora - Ursidae
cf. Plithocyon sp. Ginsburg 1955
Baskin 2005
Mammalia - Carnivora - Procyonidae
Baskin 1982
this record or the following one might include "Proturocyon cf. macdonaldi" (an unpublished name for a new genus and species present also at Black Hawk Ranch that never has been described) (5 measurements)
Baskin 1982
Mammalia - Carnivora - Mustelidae
Ischyrictis sp. Helbing 1930
    = Hoplictis sp. Ginsburg 1961
Tedford et al. 1987
"Beckia"
said to be new
    = Leptarctus webbi n. sp. Baskin 2005
Baskin 2005
Mammalia - Camelidae
MacFadden and Hulbert 1990
(1 measurement)
Mammalia - Cetacea
Mammalia - Dromomerycidae
(12 measurements)
Webb 1983
said to be new
Mammalia - Antilocapridae
Mammalia - Gelocidae
Webb 2008
Mammalia - Tayassuidae
Wright 1993
said to be a new species not found elsewhere; species "D" and "E" of Wright 1983; see also Wright 1998
    = Webbochoerus macfaddeni n. gen., n. sp. Prothero 2021
Prothero 2021
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Tapiridae
(1 measurement)
Hulbert 2005
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
(1 measurement)
MacFadden and Hulbert 1990
(1 measurement)
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Hulbert 1988
(1 measurement)
(1 measurement)
Hulbert 1988
(1 measurement)
Hulbert 1988
Hulbert 1988
Hulbert 1988
(6 measurements)
Hulbert 1988
(1 measurement)
Hulbert 1988
(1 measurement)
Hulbert 1988
(6 measurements)
Hulbert 1988
(1 measurement)
Mammalia - Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae
(1 measurement)
    = Gomphotherium sp. Burmeister 1837
Lambert 1996
Mammalia - Sirenia - Dugongidae
Domning 1988
Mammalia - Chiroptera
see common names

Geography
Country:United States State/province:Florida County:Alachua
Coordinates: 29.6° North, 82.5° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:31.4° North, 77.8° West (Wright 2013)
Basis of coordinate:stated in text
Time
Period: Neogene Epoch: Miocene
10 m.y. bin: Cenozoic 5-6
*Period:Tertiary *Local age/stage:Late/Upper Clarendonian
Key time interval: Late Clarendonian
Age range of interval: 12.5 - 9.4 m.y. ago
* legacy (obsolete) database fields
Stratigraphy
Formation:Alachua
Stratigraphic resolution:bed
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: not reported
Environment:marginal marine indet.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Disassociated minor elements:some
Collection methods and comments
Collection excludes:some genera
Collection methods:selective quarrying,field collection
Collection size:15000 specimens
Reason for describing collection:general faunal/floral analysis
Museum repositories:FLMNH
Collection method comments: "approximately 15,000 specimens of identifiable, medium- to large-sized mammals": MacFadden and Hulbert 1990
Taxonomic list comments:"Prosthennops cf. serus" apparently not present: Wright 1983
Metadata
Database number:18554
Authorizer:J. Alroy, P. Mannion, J. Hunter, M. Uhen, J. Marcot, P. Holroyd, E. Vlachos, J. Bloch, C. Jaramillo Enterer:J. Alroy, J. Marcot, M. Uhen, E. Vlachos, P. Holroyd, R. Hulbert, P. Mannion, C. Pimiento, J. Hunter
Modifier:J. Alroy Research group:vertebrate
Created:1993-02-18 00:00:00 Last modified:2025-02-22 15:12:02
Access level:the public Released:1993-02-18 00:00:00
Creative Commons license:CC0
Reference information

Primary reference:
3581. S. D. Webb, B. J. MacFadden, and J. A. Baskin. 1981. Geology and paleontology of the Love Bone Bed from the Late Miocene of Florida. American Journal of Science 281:513-544 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]

Secondary references:

6294 J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Kouvari]
19636 J. Alroy. 2007. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil vertebrates and so forth. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
1025 J. A. Baskin. 1980. Evolutionary reversal in Mylagaulus (Mammalia, Rodentia) from the late Miocene of Florida. American Midland Naturalist 104(1):155-162 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
1027 J. A. Baskin. 1981. Barbourofelis (Nimravidae) and Nimravides (Felidae), with a Description of Two New Species from the Late Miocene of Florida. Journal of Mammalogy 62(1):122-139 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
10285% 29740J. A. Baskin. 1982. Tertiary Procyoninae (Mammalia: Carnivora) of North America. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 2(1):71-93 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
1029 J. A. Baskin. 1986. The late Miocene radiation of neotropical sigmodontine rodents in North America. Contributions to Geology, University of Wyoming Special Paper 3:287-303 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
25209 J. A. Baskin. 2005. Carnivora from the late Miocene Love Bone Bed of Florida. Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 45(4):413-434 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
1051 J. J. Becker. 1985. Fossil herons (Aves: Ardeidae) of the late Miocene and early Pliocene of Florida. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 5(1):24-31 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
50433 J. J. Becker. 1985. Pandion lovensis, a new species of osprey from the late Miocene of Florida. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 98(2):314-320 [J. Bloch/R. Hulbert]
50262 J. J. Becker. 1986. A new vulture (Vulturidae: Pliogyps) from the late Miocene of Florida. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 99(3):502-508 [J. Bloch/R. Hulbert]
74975% 23700J. J. Becker. 1987. Additional material of Anhinga grandis Martin and Mengel (Aves: Anhingidae) from the late Miocene of Florida. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 100(2):358-361 [J. Hunter/J. Rezza/J. Alroy]
58392 J. R. Bourque. 2013. Fossil Kinosternidae from the Oligocene and Miocene of Florida, USA. In D. B. Brinkman, P. A. Holroyd, and J. Gardner (eds.), Morphology and Evolution of Turtles, Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology 459-475 [P. Holroyd/P. Holroyd]
64337 J. R. Bourque. 2015. New mud turtles (Kinosternidae,Kinosternon) from the middle–late Miocene of the United States. Journal of Paleontology 89(5):821-844 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos]
16572 D. P. Domning. 1988. Fossil Sirenia of the West Atlantic and Caribbean region. I. Metaxytherium floridanum Hay, 1922. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 8(4):395-426 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
50346 R. C. Hulbert. 2005. Late Miocene Tapirus (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from Florida, with description of a new species, Tapirus webbi. Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 45(4):465-494 [J. Bloch/R. Hulbert]
1951 R. C. Hulbert, Jr. 1988. Cormohipparion and Hipparion (Mammalia, Perissodactyla, Equidae) from the Late Neogene of Florida. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, Biological Sciences 33(5):229-338 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
27016 D. R. Jackson. 1976. The status of the Pliocene turtles Pseudemys caelata Hay and Chrysemys carri Rose and Weaver. Copeia 1976(4):655-659 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
2203 W. D. Lambert. 1996. The Biogeography of the Gamphotheriid and Amebelodontid Probiscideans of North America. In J. Shoshani and P. Tassy (eds.), The Proboscidea : evolution and palaeoecology of elephants and their relatives 143-148 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
2375 B. J. MacFadden and R. C. Hulbert, Jr. 1990. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
52569 C. Pimiento. 2014. Carcharocles megalodon unpublished collections from Natural History Museums around the world. [C. Jaramillo/C. Pimiento/C. Pimiento]
78020 D. R. Prothero. 2021. Webbochoerus macfaddeni, a new fossil peccary from the Late Miocene of Florida. Fossil Record 7 313-320 [P. Wagner/P. Wagner/J. Marcot]
6198 R. H. Tedford, T. Galusha, M. F. Skinner, B. E. Taylor, R. W. Fields, J. R. Macdonald, J. M. Rensberger, S. D. Webb, and D. P. Whistler. 1987. Faunal succession and biochronology of the Arikareean through Hemphillian interval (late Oligocene through earliest Pliocene epochs) in North America. In M. O. Woodburne (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America: Geochronology and Biostratigraphy 153-210 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/P. Wagner]
63550 N. Valdes, J. R. Bourque, and N. S. Vitek. 2017. A new soft-shelled turtle (Trionychidae, Apalone) from the Late Miocene of North-Central Florida. Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 55(6):117-138 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos]
3571 S. D. Webb. 1983. A New Species of Pediomeryx from the Late Miocene of Florida, and Its Relationships within the Subfamily Cranioceratinae (Ruminantia: Dromomerycidae). Journal of Mammalogy 64(2) [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Ju]
36064 S. D. Webb. 2008. Revision of the extinct Pseudoceratinae (Artiodactyla: Ruminantia: Gelocidae). Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 48(2):17-58 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
59567 E. T. Whiting, D. W. Steadman, and J. Krigbaum. 2016. Paleoecology of Miocene crocodylians in Florida: Insights from stable isotope analysis. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 451:23-34 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion/M. Uhen]
6242 D. B. Wright. 1993. Evolution of sexually dimorphic characters in peccaries (Mammalia, Tayassuidae). Paleobiology 19(1):52-70 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]