Talismã, upper Purus River: Tortonian, Brazil
collected by Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC) and Universidade Federal de Rondonia (UNIR)

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Reptilia - Serpentes
Serpentes indet. Linnaeus 1758
Reptilia
Hsiou et al. 2010 12 specimens
Reptilia - Boidae
aff. Epicrates sp. Wagler 1830
Hsiou and Albino 2010 3 specimens
Eunectes sp. Wagler 1830
Hsiou and Albino 2009 7 specimens
Reptilia - Colubridae
Hsiou and Albino 2010 1 specimen
Reptilia - Teiidae
Hsiou et al. 2010 2 specimens
Reptilia
Souza-Filho et al. 2020
UFAC 2793 - type
Souza-Filho et al. 2019
UFAC-3142
Fortier et al. 2014
UFAC 5388 (Fragmented skull [premaxillae, maxillae, nasals, jugals, prefrontals, frontal, left postorbital, right squamosal, parietal, right quadrate, basioccipital, and pterygoid), mandibular rami [dentaries, splenials, right surangular, and articular] and postcranium)
Reptilia - Testudines - Testudinidae
de Broin et al. 1993
giant size
Mammalia - Primates - Atelidae
Atelidae indet. Gray 1825
Bergqvist et al. 1998
Mammalia - Rodentia - Neoepiblemidae
? Neoepiblemidae indet. Kraglievich 1926
Bergqvist et al. 1998
Neoepiblema horridula (Ameghino 1886)
Paula Couto 1956
locality information vague at best
Mammalia - Rodentia - Dinomyidae
Drytomomys sp. Anthony 1922
Kerber et al. 2017
UFAC 2742, UFAC 3268, UFAC 2084
Mammalia - Rodentia - Agoutidae
Bergqvist et al. 1998
Mammalia - Rodentia - Erethizontidae
Erethizontidae indet. Bonaparte 1845
Kerber 2017
Mammalia - Panameriungulata - Proterotheriidae
Bergqvist et al. 1998
Mammalia - Cingulata - Pampatheriidae
Pampatheriidae indet. Paula Couto 1954
Mammalia - Mylodontidae
Santos et al. 1993
Holotype: UFAC-1803
see common names

Geography
Country:Brazil State/province:Amazonas
Coordinates: 8.8° South, 68.9° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:8.3° South, 66.6° West (Wright 2013)
Basis of coordinate:stated in text
Geographic resolution:small collection
Time
Period: Neogene Epoch: Miocene
Stage: Tortonian 10 m.y. bin: Cenozoic 6
Key time interval: Tortonian
Age range of interval: 11.63 - 7.246 m.y. ago
Age estimate: 10.89 ± 0.13 Ma (U/Pb)
Stratigraphy
Formation:Solimões
Stratigraphic resolution:group of beds
Stratigraphy comments: Bissaro-Júnior et al. (2019) date the Talisma sediments of the Solimoes Formation as 10.89 Ma.

Latrubesse et al. (2007) suggested a Late Miocene age for the Solimo ̃es Formation. The snake material we studied was collected at the Talisma ̃ locality, which is considered by some authors as belonging to the Huayquerian- Montehermosan (Late Miocene/Pliocene) because of the presence of the rodents Potamarchus murinus and Neopliblema horridula (Santos et al., 1993; Negri, 2004). According to Santos and Negri (1993), the faunal set of xenarthrans (Tardigrada) suggests, on one hand, a probable affinity with the fauna of the Santacrucian Age of Argentina (Early-Middle Miocene) and, on the other, a relation with the Laventan Age of Colombia (Middle Miocene). According to Negri (2004; unpubl. data), the faunistic association of Tardigrada in this locality would indicate an older age, correlatable and close to the Laventan (13.5–11.8 Ma, Madden et al., 1997). Here, we follow the arguments of Latrubesse et al. (2007) and assume a probable Late Miocene age for the Solimo ̃es Formation." (Hsiou and Albino, 2009:613)

Cozzuol 2006: The diachronic nature of the Mesopotamian assemblage was rejected by Cozzuol (1993) and, more recently and with more complete data, by Cione et al. (2000). Surprisingly, several authors still insist on the ‘mixed’ nature of the ‘Conglomerado osı´fero’ (Linares, 2004; Zucol et al., 2005). All specimens from the Mesopotamian come from the base of the Ituzaingo´ Formation and concentrate in discontinuous lenticular levels (probably channel filling) known as the ‘Conglomerado osı´fero’ (i.e. bone-bearing conglomerate), which lies on the marine Parana´ Formation with an erosional unconformity between them. Cione et al. (2000) show that there is no basis for considering the Mesopotamian mammals Montehermosan. The Mesopotamian shares with the Chasicoan 18 first generic occurrences (plus 2 more with doubts) and 28 (plus another possible 4) first generic occurrences with the typical Huayquerian. With the constraints imposed by the underlying Parana´ Formation, the upper section of which was dated by several biostratigraphic studies as early Late Miocene (early Tortonian), this information places the Mesopotamian associ- ation well in the Huayquerian SALMA time interval (9.0– 6.8 Ma, Flynn and Swisher, 1995). As shown subsequently, the affinities between the Acre assemblage and the Mesopotamian are very large.

Santos et al 1993: :Idade Huayqueriense-Montehermosense, Mioceno superior-Plioceno do sudoeste do Estado do Amazonas, Brasil.
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:gypsiferous lithified muddy,silty mudstone
Secondary lithology: claystone
Includes fossils?Y
Lithology description: dominated by fine sediments, mainly silts and clays, with gypsum and calcite veins in the lower part and manganese stains in the upper part, both probably diagenetic. "The section is dominated by fine sediments, mainly silts and clays, with gypsum and calcite veins in the lower part and manganese stains in the upper part, both probably digenetic. The deposits are characterized by massive bedding with no evident lamination. Two fossiliferous levels were found at 1.7 and 7 m above water level " (Hsiou and Albino, 2009:612).
Environment:fluvial-lacustrine indet.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Preservation of anatomical detail:good
Temporal resolution:time-averaged
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:surface (float),field collection,survey of museum collection,observed (not collected)
Reason for describing collection:general faunal/floral analysis
Collectors:Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC) and Universidade Federal de Rondonia (UNIR)
Metadata
Also known as:Talisma
Database number:67386
Authorizer:M. Uhen, J. Head, E. Vlachos, P. Mannion, C. Jaramillo Enterer:M. Uhen, J. Head, E. Vlachos, J. Carrillo, P. Mannion, G. Varnham
Modifier:G. Varnham Research group:vertebrate
Created:2006-11-17 13:36:30 Last modified:2025-02-22 15:12:02
Access level:the public Released:2006-11-17 13:36:30
Creative Commons license:CC0
Reference information

Primary reference:
19222. M. A. Cozzuol. 2006. The Acre vertebrate fauna: Age, diversity, and geography. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 21:185-203 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]

Secondary references:

69313 L. P. Bergqvist, A. M. Ribeiro, and J. Bocquentin Villanueva. 1998. Primata, Roedores e Litopternas do Mio/Plioceno da Amazonia Sul-Ocidental (Formacao Solimoes, Bacia do Acre), Brasil. Geologia Colombiana 23:19-29 [P. Mannion/G. Varnham/G. Varnham]
64028 F. d.e. L. de Broin, J. Bocquetin, and F. R. Negri. 1993. Gigantic turtles (Pleurodira, Podocnemididae) from the Late Miocene - Early Pliocene of South Western Amazon. Bulletin de Institute francaises de etudes andines 22(3):657-670 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos]
52021 D. C. Fortier, J. P. de Souza-Filho, E. Guilherme, A. A. R. Maciente, and C. L. Schultz. 2014. A new specimen of Caiman brevirostris (Crocodylia, Alligatoridae) from the late Miocene of Brazil. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34(4):820-834 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
35434 A. S. Hsiou and A. M. Albino. 2009. Presence of the Genus Eunectes (Serpentes, Boidae) in the Neogene of Southwestern Amazonia, Brazil. Journal of Herpetology 43(4):612-619 [J. Head/J. Head]
35436 A. S. Hsiou, A. M. Albino, and J. Ferigolo. 2010. Reappraisal of the South American Miocene snakes of the genus Colombophis, with description of a new species. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 55(3):365-379 [J. Head/J. Head]
35438 A. S. Hsiou, A. M. Albino, and J. Ferigolo. 2010. First lizard remains (Teiidae) from the Miocene of Brazil (Solimões Formation). Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 12(3):225-230 [J. Head/J. Head]
35440 A. S. Hsiou and A. M. Albino. 2010. New snake remains from the Miocene of northern South America. Herpetological Journal 20:249-259 [J. Head/J. Head]
73095 L. Kerber. 2017. Imigrantes em um continente perdido: O registro fossilífero de roedores Caviomorpha (Mammalia: Rodentia: Ctenohystrica) do Cenozoico do Brasil . Terræ Didatica 13(2):185-211 [P. Mannion/G. Varnham]
64794 L. Kerber, F. R. Negri, A. M. Ribeiro, N. Nasif, J. P. Souza-Filho and J. Ferigolo. 2017. Tropical fossil caviomorph rodents from the Southwestern Brazilian amazonia in the context of the South American faunas: systematics, biochronology and paleobiogeography. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 24(1):57-70 [C. Jaramillo/J. Carrillo]
38514 C. Paula Couto. 1956. Mamiferos fosseis do Cenozoico da Amazonia. Conselho Nacional de Pesquisas Boletim 3:1-121 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
69819 J. C. R. Santos, A. Rancy, and J. Ferigolo. 1993. Octodontobradyinae, uma nova subfamilia de Orophodontidae (Edentata, Tardigrada) do Mioceno superior-Plioceno do estado do Amazonas, Brasil. Ameghiniana 30(3):255-264 [P. Mannion/M. Kouvari]
74801 J. P. Souza-Filho, E. Guilherme, P. M. Toledo, I. S. Carvalho, F. R. Negri, A. A. R. Maciente, G. M. Cidade, M. B. S. Lacerda, and L. G. Souza. 2020. On a new Melanosuchus species (Alligatoroidea: Caimaninae) from Solimões Formation (Eocene-Pliocene), Northern Brazil, and evolution of Caimaninae. Zootaxa 4894(4):561-593 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
67823 J. P. Souza-Filho, R. G. Souza, A. S. Hsiou, D. Riff, E. Guilherme, F. R. Negri, and G. M. Cidade. 2019. A new caimanine (Crocodylia, Alligatoroidea) species from the Solimões Formation of Brazil and the phylogeny of Caimaninae. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 39:e1528450:1-24 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]