PBDB Collection

Lomas las Tetas de Cabra: Wasatchian, Mexico

List of taxa

Where & when

Geology

Taphonomy & methods

Metadata & references

Taxonomic list

Angiospermae - Rosales - Ulmaceae

	Ulmaceae indet. Brisseau-Mirbel 1815	Novacek et al. 1987
	seeds

	Celtis sp. Linnaeus 1753	Novacek et al. 1987
	seeds
Angiospermae - Caryophyllales - Chenopodiaceae

	Chenopodiaceae indet. Ventenant 1799	Novacek et al. 1987
	seeds
Chondrichthyes - Carcharhiniformes - Triakidae

	cf. Galeorhinus sp. de Blainville and Prévost 1816	Novacek et al. 1987
Reptilia - Iguanidae

	Iguanidae indet. Oppel 1811	Novacek et al. 1987
Reptilia - Boidae

	Boidae indet. Gray 1825	Novacek et al. 1987
Reptilia

	cf. Saniwa sp. Leidy 1870	Novacek et al. 1987
Mammalia - Pantolambdidae

	Barylambdidae indet. Patterson 1939
	said to be a new genus
	= Pantolambdidae indet. Cope 1883	Novacek et al. 1987
	= Titanoideinae indet.	Novacek et al. 1991
	= Barylambda jackwilsoni Schiebout 1974	Lucas 1998
	said to be a new genus
Mammalia - Esthonychidae

	cf. Esthonyx sp. Cope 1874
	sensu stricto according to Novacek et al.
Mammalia - Condylarthra - Hyopsodontidae

	cf. Hyopsodus sp. Leidy 1870	Novacek et al. 1987
Mammalia - Ferae

	Miacidae indet. Cope 1880	Novacek et al. 1987
	= Ferae indet. Linnaeus 1758	Novacek et al. 1991
	creodont or carnivore
Mammalia - Creodonta

	Prolimnocyon sp. Matthew and Granger 1915	Novacek et al. 1987
Mammalia - Creodonta - Oxyaenidae

	cf. Oxyaena sp. Cope 1874	Novacek et al. 1987
	authors acknowledge this could be Dipsalidictis
Mammalia - Acreodi

	Wyolestes sp. Gingerich 1981	Novacek et al. 1987
	said to be new (5 measurements)
	= Wyolestes iglesius n. sp. Novacek et al. 1991	Novacek et al. 1991
Mammalia - Acreodi - Mesonychidae

	Dissacus cf. sp. Cope 1881	Novacek et al. 1987
	= Dissacus cf. navajovius Cope 1881	Novacek et al. 1991
	= Dissacus sp. Cope 1881	Alroy 2002
	"Species allocation cannot be made" and comparison is based entirely on size
Mammalia - Phenacodontidae

	Phenacodus vortmani (Cope 1880)	Novacek et al. 1987

	Meniscotherium cf. priscum Granger 1915	Novacek et al. 1987
	(1 measurement)
	= Meniscotherium chamense Cope 1874	Lucas 1998

	Ectocion sp. Cope 1882	Novacek et al. 1987
	said to be new
	= Ectocion ignotum n. sp. Novacek et al. 1991	Novacek et al. 1991
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae

	Eohippus cf. angustidens (Cope 1875)	Froehlich 2002

	cf. Hyracotherium sp. Owen 1841
	ref 6294: seekinsi; ref 53105: Eohippus cf. angustidens (1 measurement)
	= Hyracotherium seekinsi n. sp. Morris 1968	Morris 1968
Mammalia - Diacodexeidae

	Diacodexis sp. Cope 1882	Novacek et al. 1987
	= Diacodexis cf. gracilis Krishtalka and Stucky 1985	Novacek et al. 1991
Mammalia - Rodentia - Paramyidae

	? Paramyidae indet. Miller and Gidley 1918	Novacek et al. 1987
Mammalia - Glasbiidae

	Didelphidae indet. Gray 1821	Novacek et al. 1987
	said to be a new genus
	= Esteslestes ensis n. sp. Novacek et al. 1991	Novacek et al. 1991
unclassified

	Heliantheae indet.	Novacek et al. 1987
	pollen
Amphibia - Temnospondyli

	Caudata indet. Scopoli 1777	Novacek et al. 1987
	"genus, new?"
Gastropoda

	Gastropoda indet. Cuvier 1795	Novacek et al. 1987
	"planispiral"
see common names

Geography

Country:	Mexico	State/province:	Baja California
Coordinates:	28.7° North, 114.1° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:	34.7° North, 88.7° West (Wright 2013)
Basis of coordinate:	stated in text
Geographic resolution:	outcrop

Time

Period:	Paleogene	Epoch:	Eocene
Stage:	Ypresian	10 m.y. bin:	Cenozoic 2
*Period:	Early/Lower Tertiary	*Epoch:	Early/Lower Eocene
*Local age/stage:	Wasatchian
Key time interval:	Wasatchian
Age range of interval:	54.9 - 50.5 m.y. ago
* legacy (obsolete) database fields

Stratigraphy

Formation:	Las Tetas de Cabra
Stratigraphic resolution:	member

Lithology and environment

Primary lithology:	brown,red,white sandstone
Secondary lithology:	"cross stratification",red argillaceous siltstone
Lithology description: brown, red, and white sandstones and "red, clayey, thin-to-medium-bedded siltstones"
Environment:	fluvial-lacustrine indet.
Geology comments: "a fluvial, freshwater system of streams and ponds... less than 8 km inland"

Taphonomy

Modes of preservation:	body
Size of fossils:	macrofossils
Disassociated major elements:	many
Disassociated minor elements:	some

Collection methods and comments

Collection methods:	surface (float),field collection
Collection size:	32 specimens
Reason for describing collection:	taxonomic analysis
Collection method comments: "Virtually all specimens were found through prospecting and surface collecting"
Taxonomic list comments:treated as a unit fauna because several important specimens are from unknown localities; most localities are from a single square kilometer entire sequence falls within a reversely magnetized zone, presumed to be either 23R or 24n.1.r/2r; if so, no more than 0.63 m.y. are represented; however, there is nothing to rule out 24R, which spans 2.73 m.y. (see Cande & Kent 1992)"Eotitanops cf. princeps" could be from a higher level than the rest of the fauna, based on preservation and uncertain provenance; assigned to E. borealis by Gunnell and Yarborough 2000

Metadata

Also known as:	East Hill Cairn; Younger World; Too Much Hot; Mutant Hill; Lil' Buddy; Quieter Locality; Windy Gap; Manly Man; Marsupial Hill; Two Years; The H-World; Generic Locality; Danger Bird; Eeyi-Ha; The Way; Occidental Buttes; SB Hill; Slump Hill; Punta Prieta; assorted AMNH and IGM localities
Database number:	15671
Authorizer:	J. Alroy, J. Marcot	Enterer:	J. Alroy, J. Marcot
Modifier:	M. Carrano	Research group:	vertebrate
Created:	1993-02-18 00:00:00	Last modified:	2025-02-22 15:12:02
Access level:	the public	Released:	1993-02-18 00:00:00
Creative Commons license:	CC0

Reference information

Primary reference:

10071.

W. J. Morris. 1966. Fossil mammals from Baja California: new evidence on early Tertiary migrations. Science 153:1376-1378 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]

Secondary references:

6294		J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Kouvari]
53105		D. J. Froehlich. 2002. Quo vadis Eohippus? The systematics and taxonomy of the early Eocene equids (Perissodactyla). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 134:141-256 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
6280		S. G. Lucas. 1998. Fossil mammals and the Paleocene/Eocene series boundary in Europe, North America, and Asia. In M.-P. Aubry, S. G. Lucas and W. A. Berggren (eds.), Late Paleocene–Early Eocene Biotic and Climatic Events in the Marine and Terrestrial Records 451-500 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
3878	5% 40740	W. J. Morris. 1968. A new early Tertiary perissodactyl, Hyracotherium seekinsi, from Baja California. Los Angeles County Museum Contributions in Science 151:1-11 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
30748	ETE	W. J. Morris. 1971. Mesozoic and Tertiary vertebrates in Baja California. National Geographic Society Research Reports (1965) 6:195-198 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
2672		M. J. Novacek, I. Ferrusquía-Villafranca, J. J. Flynn, A. R. Wyss, and M. A. Norell. 1991. Wasatchian (early Eocene) mammals and other vertebrates from Baja California, Mexico : the Lomas Las Tetas de Cabra fauna. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 208:1-88 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]
2671	5% 23540	M. J. Novacek, J. J. Flynn, I. Ferrusquia-Villafranca and R. M. Cipolletti. 1987. An early Eocene (Wasatchian) mammal fauna from Baja California. National Geograpic Research 3(3):376-388 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]