Gorny Luch farmstead: Rupelian, Russian Federation
collected by Vadim Kitain

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Cephalopoda - Myopsida - Loliginidae
Loligo sp. Schneider 1784
Gastropoda - Opisthobranchiata - Cavoliniidae
Vaginella sp. Daudin 1800
Gastropoda - Opisthobranchiata - Limacinidae
Limacina sp. Bosc 1817
Actinopteri - Clupeiformes - Clupeoidei
Rupelia rata (Daniltshenko 1959)
    = Rupelia rata Daniltshenko 1959
Kovalchuk et al. 2020
Actinopteri - Scombriformes - Trichiuridae
Preserved possibly in tentacles of Loligo
Actinopteri - Gadiformes - Phycidae
Protobrotula sobijevi (Daniltshenko 1953)
Actinopteri - Gadiformes - Merlucciidae
Palaeogadus sp. Von Rath 1859
"Palaeogadus spp."
Echinoidea - Spatangoida - Schizasteridae
Schizaster sp. Agassiz 1835
"occasionally found"
unclassified
"remains of terrestrial plants"
see common names

Geography
Country:Russian Federation State/province:Krasnodar Krai
Coordinates: 44.3° North, 39.8° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:38.6° North, 40.9° East (Wright 2013)
Basis of coordinate:stated in text
Geographic resolution:hand sample
Time
Period: Paleogene Epoch: Oligocene
Stage: Rupelian 10 m.y. bin: Cenozoic 4
Key time interval: Rupelian Nannofossil zone:  NP 21
Age range of interval: 33.9 - 27.3 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Formation:Pshekha Member:Lower Maikop
Stratigraphic resolution:group of beds
Stratigraphy comments: "basal layers of the Lower Maikop deposits (Khadum, Pshekha Formation; Rupelian, nannoplankton zone NP 21)"
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:gray lithified calcareous claystone
Lithology description: "The lower part of the Pshekha Formation is composed of an alternation of dark grey weakly calcareous clays and light grey clays; the thickness of the interlayers varies from a few millimetres to several centimetres." "The squid was found in a dark grey laminated clay layer (which was formed under anoxic/hypoxic conditions)"
Environment:coastal indet.
Geology comments: "formed relatively close to the shore in a warm sea basin with alternating anaerobic and aerobic conditions at the bottom. The absence of deep sea fishes at the site of the squid discovery indicates a relatively small thickness of habitable water column
(probably the shelf)"
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body,soft parts,replaced with pyrite,replaced with carbon
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:observed (not collected)
Reason for describing collection:paleoecologic analysis
Collectors:Vadim Kitain
Collection method comments: Borissiak Paleontological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (PIN RAN, Moscow) with collection number PIN 5817
Metadata
Database number:226844
Authorizer:P. Novack-Gottshall Enterer:P. Novack-Gottshall
Created:2022-08-03 11:01:16 Last modified:2025-02-22 15:12:02
Access level:the public Released:2022-08-03 11:01:16
Creative Commons license:CC0
Reference information

Primary reference:
82322. A. A. Mironenko, M. S. Boiko, A. F. Bannikov, A. I. Arkhipkin, V. A. Bizikov and M. Košťák. 2021. First discovery of the soft-body imprint of an Oligocene fossil squid indicates its piscivorous diet. Lethaia 54(5):793-805 [P. Novack-Gottshall/P. Novack-Gottshall]

Secondary references:

82325 O. Kovalchuk, E. Baykina, E., K. Stefaniak, and A. Nadachowsk. 2020. A systematic revision of herrings (Teleostei, Clupeidae, Clupeinae) from the Oligocene and early Miocene from the Eastern Paratethys and the Carpathian Basin. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 40(2):e1778710 [P. Novack-Gottshall/P. Novack-Gottshall]