USNM706b, Hess Canyon, Glass Mtns.: Wordian, Texas

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Anthozoa - Rugosa
Rugosa indet. Milne-Edwards and Haime 1850
Clapham and Bottjer 2007
Museum ID
Crinoidea
Crinoidea indet. Miller 1821
Clapham and Bottjer 2007
Common, large (<1cm); Museum ID
Echinoidea - Cidaroida - Miocidaridae
Kier 1958
Spines and plates
Thompson et al. 2015
Polyplacophora - Lepidopleuridae
Smith 1976 1 specimen
1 tail valve
Gastropoda
Clapham and Bottjer 2007 2 individuals
Museum ID
Clapham and Bottjer 2007 16 individuals
Tiny; Museum ID
Gastropoda - Cyrtoneritida - Orthonychiidae
Yochelson 1956 219 individuals
Gastropoda - Euomphalina - Platyceratidae
Clapham and Bottjer 2007 133 individuals
Museum ID
Gastropoda - Euomphalina - Omphalotrochidae
Clapham and Bottjer 2007 8 individuals
Museum ID
Yochelson 1956 30 individuals
(2 measurements)
Yochelson 1956 17 individuals
(2 measurements)
Gastropoda - Euomphalina - Pseudophoridae
Clapham and Bottjer 2007 1 individual
Museum ID
Gastropoda - Euomphalina - Euomphalidae
Yochelson 1956 1 individual
Gastropoda - Naticopsidae
Clapham and Bottjer 2007 1 individual
Museum ID
Gastropoda - Bellerophontida
Clapham and Bottjer 2007 2 individuals
Museum ID
Wagner 2023
Gastropoda - Bellerophontida - Bellerophontidae
Yochelson 1960 3 individuals
Gastropoda - Meekospiridae
Clapham and Bottjer 2007 2 individuals
Museum ID
Gastropoda - Goniasmatidae
Clapham and Bottjer 2007 1 individual
Museum ID
Gastropoda - Murchisoniina - Subulitidae
Clapham and Bottjer 2007 1 individual
Museum ID
Gastropoda - Murchisoniina - Gosseletinidae
Batten 1989 8 individuals
Batten 1989 22 individuals
Batten 1958 1 individual
Clapham and Bottjer 2007 1 individual
Museum ID
Gastropoda - Murchisoniina - Phymatopleuridae
Clapham and Bottjer 2007 1 individual
Museum ID
Clapham and Bottjer 2007 9 individuals
Museum ID
Batten 1958 1 individual
Batten 1958 1 individual
Gastropoda - Murchisoniina - Soleniscidae
Clapham and Bottjer 2007 1 individual
Museum ID
Bivalvia
Clapham and Bottjer 2007 2 individuals
2 RV; Museum ID
Bivalvia - Nuculida - Nuculidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 1 individual
1 LV, 1 RV
Bivalvia - Trigoniida - Costatoriidae
Clapham and Bottjer 2007 2 individuals
2 LV; Museum ID
Newell and Boyd 1995 6 individuals
1 LV, 6 RV
Bivalvia - Trigoniida - Schizodidae
Newell and Boyd 1975 3 individuals
1 A, 2 RV
Newell and Boyd 1975 2 individuals
2 LV
Bivalvia - Carditida - Astartidae
Clapham and Bottjer 2007 4 individuals
4 LV, 3 RV; Museum ID
Bivalvia - Pholadomyida - Edmondiidae
Clapham and Bottjer 2007 2 individuals
2 LV; Museum ID
Bivalvia - Cardiida - Kalenteridae
Permophorus sp. Chavan 1954
Clapham and Bottjer 2007 3 individuals
3 LV; Museum ID
Bivalvia - Modiomorphida - Cypricardiniidae
Clapham and Bottjer 2007 2 individuals
2 LV, 2 RV; Museum ID
Bivalvia - Pectinida - Permanomiidae
Newell and Boyd 1970 1 individual
1 LV
Bivalvia - Pectinida - Limipectinidae
Newell and Boyd 1995 1 individual
1 LV
Bivalvia - Pectinida - Heteropectinidae
Newell and Boyd 1995 1 individual
1 RV
Newell and Boyd 1995 1 individual
1 LV
Bivalvia - Pectinida - Pterinopectinidae
Newell and Boyd 1995 1 individual
1 LV
Bivalvia - Pectinida - Deltopectinidae
Newell and Boyd 1995 27 individuals
27 LV, 21 RV
Bivalvia - Pectinida - Pseudomonotidae
Newell and Boyd 1970 5 individuals
5 LV
Newell and Boyd 1970 2 individuals
2 RV
Bivalvia - Pectinida - Aviculopectinidae
Newell and Boyd 1995
Bivalvia - Pectinida - Streblochondriidae
Newell and Boyd 1995 2 individuals
2 LV
Bivalvia - Pectinida - Entoliidae
Newell and Boyd 1995
Bivalvia - Ostreida - Pterineidae
Leptodesma sp. Hall 1883
Cooper and Grant 1977 7 individuals
7 LV, 1 RV
Bivalvia - Myalinida - Myalinidae
Clapham and Bottjer 2007 2 individuals
1 LV, 2 RV; Museum ID
Cephalopoda - Goniatitida - Agathiceratidae
Miller 1945
unclassified
Bryozoa indet. Ehrenberg 1831
Clapham and Bottjer 2007
Ramose bryozoa, Abundant; Museum ID
Stenolaemata - Cryptostomata - Acanthocladiidae
Gautier et al. 2013
Stenolaemata - Fenestrata
Fenestrata indet. (Elias and Condra 1957)
Clapham and Bottjer 2007
Rare; Museum ID
Strophomenata - Strophomenida - Rugosochonetidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 6 individuals
Small 5-8 mm; 5 A, 1 PV, 1 BV
unclassified
Clapham and Bottjer 2007 1 individual
Large 4 cm; Museum ID
Rhynchonellata - Terebratulida - Cryptonellidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 1 individual
Small 5-8 mm; 1 PV
Cooper and Grant 1977 1 individual
Small 5-8 mm; 1 PV
Cooper and Grant 1977 3 individuals
Small 5-8 mm; 3 A
Cooper and Grant 1977 23 individuals
Small 5-8 mm; 17 A, 6 PV, 4 BV
Cooper and Grant 1977 11 individuals
Small 5-8 mm; 9 A, 1 PV, 2 BV (1 measurement)
Rhynchonellata - Terebratulida - Notothyrididae
Cooper and Grant 1977 1 individual
Medium 1-1.5 cm; 1 PV, 1 BV
Cooper and Grant 1977 1 individual
Tiny 5 mm; 1 PV, 1 BV (1 measurement)
Rhynchonellata - Terebratulida - Dielasmatidae
Dielasma sp. Beede and Rogers 1900
Cooper and Grant 1977 21 individuals
Small 5-8 mm; 13 A, 4 PV, 8 BV
Cooper and Grant 1977 163 individuals
Large 1-2 cm; 126 A, 17 PV, 27 BV (9 measurements)
Cooper and Grant 1977 9 individuals
Medium 8-10 mm; 9 A
Cooper and Grant 1977 13 individuals
Medium 8-12 mm; 6 A, 1 PV, 7 BV
Cooper and Grant 1977 6 individuals
Medium 8-12 mm; 3 A, 3 PV, 1 BV
Cooper and Grant 1977 1 individual
Large 1.5 cm; 1 A
Rhynchonellata - Terebratulida - Pseudodielasmatidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 36 individuals
Small 5-8 mm; 12 A, 13 PV, 24 BV
Rhynchonellata - Spiriferida - Strophopleuridae
Cooper and Grant 1977 14 individuals
V. large 2-4 cm; 1 A, 13 PV, 5 BV (1 measurement)
Rhynchonellata - Spiriferida - Ambocoeliidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 62 individuals
Large 1-2 cm; 2 A, 60 PV, 2 BV (1 measurement)
Rhynchonellata - Spiriferida - Spiriferellidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 113 individuals
Large 1-2 cm; 113 PV, 5 BV (13 measurements)
Cooper and Grant 1977 3315 individuals
V. large 1-3 cm; 84 A, 3231 PV, 440 BV (24 measurements)
Rhynchonellata - Spiriferida - Trigonotretidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 10 individuals
Medium 8-12 mm; 1 A, 9 PV, 4 BV
Cooper and Grant 1977 76 individuals
9 A, 47 PV, 67 BV (13 measurements)
Rhynchonellata - Spiriferida - Elythidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 121 individuals
Large 1-2 cm; 11 A, 110 PV, 98 BV (27 measurements)
Rhynchonellata - Spiriferinida - Reticulariinidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 24 individuals
Medium 8-15 mm; 12 A, 7 PV, 12 BV
Cooper and Grant 1977 718 individuals
Medium 8-15 mm; 259 A, 348 PV, 459 BV (36 measurements)
Rhynchonellata - Spiriferinida - Spiriferellinidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 1 individual
Large 1-2 cm; 1 A (1 measurement)
Cooper and Grant 1977 45 individuals
Small 5-8 mm; 13 A, 32 PV, 21 BV
Cooper and Grant 1977 9 individuals
Medium 8-12 mm; 6 A, 2 PV, 3 BV
Rhynchonellata - Spiriferinida - Paraspiriferinidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 18 individuals
Medium 8-15 mm; 5 A, 13 PV, 12 BV
Cooper and Grant 1977 39 individuals
Small 8-10 mm; 14 A, 18 PV, 25 BV (10 measurements)
Rhynchonellata - Athyridida - Athyrididae
Composita sp. Brown 1849
Cooper and Grant 1977 26 individuals
Large 1-2 cm; 4 A, 12 PV, 22 BV
Cooper and Grant 1977 922 individuals
Large 1-2 cm; 452 A, 451 PV, 470 BV (38 measurements)
Cooper and Grant 1977 139 individuals
Large 1-2 cm; 65 A, 35 PV, 74 BV (1 measurement)
Rhynchonellata - Athyridida - Neoretziidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 1990 individuals
Medium 8-10 mm; 1585 A, 277 PV, 405 BV (44 measurements)
Cooper and Grant 1977 1 individual
Medium 8-10 mm; 1 PV, 1 BV
Cooper and Grant 1977 55 individuals
Small 5-8 mm; 44 A, 10 PV, 11 BV
Rhynchonellata - Rhynchonellida
Cooper and Grant 1977 5 individuals
3 A, 2 PV
Rhynchonellata - Rhynchonellida - Rhynchoporidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 59 individuals
Large 1-2 cm; 43 A, 12 PV, 16 BV (1 measurement)
Rhynchonellata - Rhynchonellida - Wellerellidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 82 individuals
Medium 8-15 mm; 67 A, 9 PV, 15 BV (9 measurements)
Cooper and Grant 1977 16 individuals
ssp. girtyi; Medium 8-12 mm; 12 A, 4 PV, 2 BV
Cooper and Grant 1977 36 individuals
30 A, 5 PV, 6 BV (2 measurements)
Cooper and Grant 1977 56 individuals
Large 1-2 cm; 22 A, 24 PV, 34 BV (5 measurements)
Rhynchonellata - Rhynchonellida - Allorhynchidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 35 individuals
26A, 6 PV, 9 BV (2 measurements)
Rhynchonellata - Rhynchonellida - Petasmatheridae
Cooper and Grant 1977 558 individuals
Tiny 5 mm; 503 A, 36 PV, 55 BV (2 measurements)
Cooper and Grant 1977 2 individuals
Tiny <5 mm; 1 A, 1 BV (1 measurement)
Rhynchonellata - Rhynchonellida - Paranorellidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 11 individuals
Large 1-2 cm; 2 A, 8 PV, 9 BV
Rhynchonellata - Rhynchonellida - Petasmariidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 4 individuals
Large 1-2 cm; 2 A, 2 PV, 1 BV (2 measurements)
Rhynchonellata - Rhynchonellida - Stenoscismatidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 548 individuals
Large 1-2 cm; 208 A, 340 PV, 114 BV (10 measurements)
Strophomenata - Strophomenida - Rugosochonetidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 2123 individuals
V. large 2-3 cm; 472 A, 1651 PV, 1142 BV
Cooper and Grant 1977 1367 individuals
V. large 2-3 cm; 682 A, 685 PV, 581 BV (9 measurements)
Cooper and Grant 1977 11 individuals
Medium 1-1.5 cm; 4 A, 7 PV, 3 BV
Cooper and Grant 1977 2 individuals
Medium 1-1.5 cm; 2 PV
Cooper and Grant 1977 15 individuals
Medium 8-12 mm; 3 A, 12 PV, 11 BV (1 measurement)
Strophomenata - Orthotetida - Meekellidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 423 individuals
Large 1-3 cm; 47 A, 305 PV, 376 BV
Strophomenata - Orthotetida - Derbyiidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 1 individual
V. large 4 cm; 1 BV
Cooper and Grant 1977 61 individuals
Large 1-2 cm; 1 A, 60 PV, 32 BV (7 measurements)
Cooper and Grant 1977 155 individuals
Huge > 5 cm; 2 A, 71 PV, 153 BV (1 measurement)
Cooper and Grant 1977 508 individuals
Large 1-4 cm; 19 A, 424 PV, 489 BV (11 measurements)
Strophomenata - Orthotetida - Schuchertellidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 15 individuals
Large 1-3 cm; 1 A, 14 PV, 10 BV (6 measurements)
Strophomenata - Productida - Aulostegidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 194 individuals
Medium 8-12 mm; 13 A, 181 PV, 142 BV
Cooper and Grant 1977 107 individuals
Large 1-4 cm; 11 A, 76 PV, 96 BV
Cooper and Grant 1977 1 individual
Tiny 5 mm; 1 BV
Cooper and Grant 1977 1387 individuals
V. large 2-4 cm; 63 A, 890 PV, 1324 BV (11 measurements)
Strophomenata - Productida - Cooperinidae
Cooperina inexpectata Termier et al. 1966
Cooper and Grant 1977 42 individuals
Tiny 5 mm; 7 A, 35 PV
Strophomenata - Productida - Strophalosiidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 4050 individuals
Medium 8-10 mm; 281 A, 3769 PV, 964 BV (6 measurements)
Strophomenata - Productida - Cyclacanthariidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 1818 individuals
V. large 2-6 cm; 270 A, 1548 PV, 30 BV (10 measurements)
Cooper and Grant 1977 15 individuals
Small 0.5-2 cm; 14 A, 1 PV
Strophomenata - Productida - Lyttoniidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 199 individuals
V. large; 7 A, 192 PV, 54 BV
Cooper and Grant 1977 8 individuals
V. large; 1 A, 7 PV, 1 BV
Strophomenata - Productida - Echinoconchidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 2 individuals
Large 1-2 cm; 2 A (1 measurement)
Strophomenata - Productida - Paucispiniferidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 1 individual
Large 1-2 cm; 1 PV
Cooper and Grant 1977 359 individuals
Large 1-2 cm; 65 A, 294 PV, 129 BV (16 measurements)
Cooper and Grant 1977 569 individuals
Large 1-2 cm; 126 A, 443 PV, 317 BV (15 measurements)
Cooper and Grant 1977 2 individuals
Large 1-3 cm; 2 PV
Cooper and Grant 1977 1 individual
Large 1-3 cm; 1 A
Paucispinifera auriculata Muir-Wood and Cooper 1960
Cooper and Grant 1977 103 individuals
Large 1-2 cm; 8 A, 95 PV, 28 BV
Cooper and Grant 1977 1433 individuals
V. large 2-4 cm; 534 A, 899 PV, 513 BV (24 measurements)
Strophomenata - Productida - Productellidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 7 individuals
1A, 6 PV (4 measurements)
Cooper and Grant 1977 29 individuals
7A, 5 PV, 22 BV (7 measurements)
Echinauris sp. Muir-Wood and Cooper 1960
Cooper and Grant 1977 11 individuals
Medium 1-1.5 cm; 1 A, 10 PV, 5 BV
Echinauris lateralis Muir-Wood and Cooper 1960
Cooper and Grant 1977 459 individuals
Large 1-2 cm; 74 A, 385 PV, 256 BV
Cooper and Grant 1977 2 individuals
V. large 2-3 cm; 2 PV
Cooper and Grant 1977 10 individuals
Large 1-2 cm; 10 PV, 4 BV
Strophomenata - Productida - Linoproductidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 396 individuals
Large 1-2 cm; 44 A, 352 PV, 163 BV (13 measurements)
Cooper and Grant 1977 4 individuals
Medium 8-12 mm; 3 A, 1 PV
Strophomenata - Productida - Monticuliferidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 7 individuals
7 PV (1 measurement)
Cooper and Grant 1977 3 individuals
Large 1-2 cm; 3 PV
Cooper and Grant 1977 3 individuals
Large 1-2 cm; 3 PV
Craniata - Craniida - Craniidae
Cooper and Grant 1977 28 individuals
Small 5-8 mm; 28 Upper cap-shaped valves (3 measurements)
Cooper and Grant 1977 1 individual
Medium 8-10 mm; 1 A
Trilobita - Proetida - Phillipsiidae
Brezinski 1992 1 individual
1 pygidium
unclassified
Fusulinida indet. (Fursenko 1958)
Clapham and Bottjer 2007
Museum ID
see common names

Geography
Country:United States State/province:Texas County:Brewster
Coordinates: 30.4° North, 103.2° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:6.2° North, 30.7° West (Wright 2013)
Basis of coordinate:unpublished field data
Geographic resolution:outcrop
Time
Period: Permian Epoch: Guadalupian
Stage: Wordian 10 m.y. bin: Permian 4
Key time interval: Wordian
Age range of interval: 266.9 - 264.28 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Formation:Word
Stratigraphic resolution:group of beds
Stratigraphy comments: Lens, approximately 2 feet thick, between Willis Ranch and Appel Ranch Members.
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:shelly/skeletal,red sandy packstone
Secondary lithology:shelly/skeletal,gray wackestone
Lithology description: Pink, recrystallized packstone and dark gray wackestone.
Environment:offshore shelf
Geology comments: Middle to outer shelf.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body,replaced with silica
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:bulk,chemical,field collection
Reason for describing collection:taxonomic analysis
Museum repositories:USNM
Taxonomic list comments:A variety of papers list the brachiopods, nearly all gastropods, most bivalves (except primarily Paleotaxodonts), trilobites, chitons, siliceous sponges, rugose corals (only from Gaptank and Asselian/Sakmarian formations).
Metadata
Database number:43550
Authorizer:D. Bottjer, M. Clapham, P. Wagner Enterer:M. Clapham, P. Wagner
Modifier:M. Clapham Research group:marine invertebrate
Created:2004-08-14 20:49:11 Last modified:2025-02-22 15:12:02
Access level:authorizer only Released:2007-08-14 20:49:11
Creative Commons license:CC0
Reference information

Primary reference:

11454. G. A. Cooper and R. E. Grant. 1972. Permian brachiopods of west Texas, I. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 14:1-231 [D. Bottjer/M. Clapham/M. Clapham]

Secondary references:

11476 R. L. Batten. 1958. Permian Gastropoda of the southwestern United States. 2. Pleurotomariacea: Portlockiellidae, Phymatopleuridae, and Eotomariidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 114(2):153-246 [D. Bottjer/M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
11473 R. L. Batten. 1989. Permian Gastropoda of the southwestern United States. 7. Pleurotomariacea: Eotomariidae, Lophospiriidae, Gosseletinidae. American Museum Novitates 2958:1-64 [D. Bottjer/M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
11483 D. K. Brezinski. 1992. Permian trilobites from west Texas. Journal of Paleontology 66(6):924-943 [D. Bottjer/M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
13431 M. E. Clapham and D. J. Bottjer. 2007. Permian marine paleoecology and its implications for large-scale decoupling of brachiopod and bivalve abundance and diversity during the Lopingian (Late Permian). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 249:283-301 [D. Bottjer/M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
11407 G. A. Cooper and R. E. Grant. 1977. Permian Brachiopods of West Texas, VI. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 32:3161-3370 [T. Olszewski/K. Tracy/M. Clapham]
46638 T. G. Gautier, P. N. Wyse Jackson, and F. K. McKinney. 2013. Adlatipora, a distinctive new acanthocladiid bryozoan from the Permian of the Glass Mountains, Texas, U.S.A., and its bearing on fenestrate astogeny and growth. Journal of Paleontology 87:444-455 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
11486 P. M. Kier. 1958. Permian echinoids from west Texas. Journal of Paleontology 32(5):889-892 [D. Bottjer/M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
30039 A. K. Miller. 1945. Some exceptional Permian ammonoids from west Texas. Journal of Paleontology 19(1):14-21 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
11474 N. D. Newell and D.W. Boyd. 1970. Oyster-like Permian Bivalvia. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 143(4):221-281 [D. Bottjer/M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
11482 N. D. Newell and D.W. Boyd. 1975. Parallel evolution in early trigonacean bivalves. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 154(2):55-162 [D. Bottjer/M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
11472 N. D. Newell and D.W. Boyd. 1995. Pectinoid bivalves of the Permian-Triassic crisis. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 227:1-95 [D. Bottjer/M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
11490 A. G. Smith. 1976. Two new Permian chitons from west Texas (Mollusca: Polyplacophora). The Veliger 18:281-288 [D. Bottjer/M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
56700 J. R. Thompson, E. Petsios, E. H. Davidson, E. M. Erkenbrack, F. Gao and D. J. Bottjer. 2015. Reorganization of sea urchin gene regulatory networks at least 268 million years ago as revealed by oldest fossil cidaroid echinoid. Scientific Reports 5(15541):1-9 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
9042 P. J. Wagner. 2023. Paleozoic Gastropod, Rostroconch, Helcionelloid and Tergomyan Database (2006 - 2023). [P. Wagner/P. Wagner/P. Wagner]
11481 E. L. Yochelson. 1956. Permian Gastropoda of the southwestern United States. 1. Euomphalacea, Trochonematacea, Pesudophoracea, Anomphalacea, Craspedostomatacea, and Platyceratacea. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 110(3):173-276 [D. Bottjer/M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
11477 E. L. Yochelson. 1960. Permian Gastropoda of the southwestern United States. 3. Bellerophontacea and Patellacea. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 119(4):208-293 [D. Bottjer/M. Clapham/M. Clapham]