Estancia "El Brete" (PVL): Early Maastrichtian, Argentina
collected by J. Bonaparte, J. Leal, & M. Vince 1975–1977
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Reptilia
- Theropoda
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Carnosauria indet.
Huene 1920
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teeth | ||||||||||
= Theropoda indet.
Marsh 1881
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Powell 2003 | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Theropoda
- Avisauridae
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Soroavisaurus australis n. gen., n. sp.
Chiappe 1993
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Chiappe 1993 | |||||||||
PVL 4690 - holotype (left tarsometatarsus); paratype: Left tarsometarsus with proximal and distal phalanges of digit I and four intermediate phalanges (PVL 4048) | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Theropoda
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Lectavis bretincola n. gen., n. sp.
Chiappe 1993
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Chiappe 1993 | |||||||||
PVL 4021 - holotype (associated left tibiotarsus and incomplete tarsometatarsus) | ||||||||||
Euenantiornithes indet.
Chiappe 2002
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Walker and Dyke 2009 | |||||||||
Posterior (caudal) portion of a right lower jaw ramus lacking the region anterior to the surangular (PVL 4698) | ||||||||||
Martinavis sp.
Walker et al. 2007
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Walker and Dyke 2009 | 2 specimens | ||||||||
Distal end of right ulna (PVL 4032), complete right radius (PVL 4056), complete left tibiotarsus (PVL 4032), complete right femur (PVL 4037), complete right femur (PVL 4036), proximal end of right ulna (PVL 4044), complete right femur (PVL 4038), right scapula and coracoid (PVL 4034), left ulna (PVL 4031), distal end of tibiotarsus (PVL 4031), proximal end of left femur (PVL 4060), right carpometacarpus (PVL 4049; note that this element was formerly referred to E. leali by Chiappe and Walker 2002), and a proximal end of left humerus (KU-NM 37) | ||||||||||
Martinavis saltariensis n. sp.
Walker and Dyke 2009
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Walker and Dyke 2009 | |||||||||
PVL 4025 - type (incomplete left humerus) | ||||||||||
Martinavis minor n. sp.
Walker and Dyke 2009
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Walker and Dyke 2009 | |||||||||
PVL 4046 - type (distally imperfect right humerus) | ||||||||||
Martinavis whetstonei n. sp.
Walker and Dyke 2009
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Walker and Dyke 2009 | |||||||||
PVL 4028 - type (distally imperfect left humerus) | ||||||||||
Aves indet.
Linnaeus 1758
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= Enantiornithes indet.
Walker 1981
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Powell 2003 | |||||||||
= Martinavis vincei n. sp.
Walker et al. 2007
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Walker et al. 2007 | |||||||||
PVL 4054 - type (complete left humerus); PVL 4059 - paratype (distal end of left humerus) | ||||||||||
Elbretornis sp.
Walker and Dyke 2009
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Walker and Dyke 2009 | |||||||||
Isolated dorsal vertebrae (PVL 4041, PVL 4047, PVL 4051), synsacrum, possibly associated femur and rib fragment (PVL 4041), and incomplete right tibiotarsus (PVL 4027) | ||||||||||
Elbretornis bonapartei n. gen., n. sp.
Walker and Dyke 2009
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Walker and Dyke 2009 | |||||||||
PVL 4022 - holotype (left humerus and associated right radius, ulna, scapula and coracoid) | ||||||||||
Enantiornis sp.
Walker 1981
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Walker and Dyke 2009 | |||||||||
An ilium and ischium (PVL 4042), a poorly preserved sacrum (PVL 4045), two cervical vertebrae (PVL 4050 and PVL 4057), parts of metatarsals III and IV (PVL 4058), and an imperfect sternal plate with carinal keel (PVL 4021) | ||||||||||
Enantiornis leali n. gen., n. sp.
Walker 1981
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Walker 1981 | 1 individual | ||||||||
PVL 4035 | ||||||||||
Yungavolucris brevipedalis n. gen., n. sp.
Chiappe 1993
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Chiappe 1993 | |||||||||
PVL 4053 - holotype (nearly complete right tarsometatarsus); paratypes: Incomplete right tarsometatarsi (PVL 4040 and PVL 4692), incomplete left tarsometatarsus (PVL 4052) and a distal trochlea of right metatarsals II and III (PVL 4268) | ||||||||||
Oviraptorosauria indet.
Barsbold 1976
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Frankfurt and Chiappe 1999 | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Theropoda
- Noasauridae
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Coelurosauria indet.
(Huene 1914)
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1 individual | |||||||||
= Noasaurus leali n. gen., n. sp.
Bonaparte and Powell 1980
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Bonaparte and Powell 1980 | |||||||||
name first appears in ref 55148 | ||||||||||
Reptilia
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Neuquensaurus australis
(Lydekker 1893)
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D'Emic and Wilson 2011 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
PVL 4017−18, sacrum | ||||||||||
Atlantosauridae indet.
Marsh 1877
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5 individuals | |||||||||
= cf. Titanosaurus sp.
Lydekker 1877
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Bonaparte 1978 | |||||||||
= Saltasaurus loricatus n. gen., n. sp.
Bonaparte and Powell 1980
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Bonaparte and Powell 1980 | |||||||||
name first appears in ref 55148; PVL 4017−92 | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Crocodilia
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Crocodilia indet.
Owen 1842
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Bonaparte 1978 | |||||||||
see common names |
Geography
Country: | Argentina | State/province: | Salta | County: | Candelaria |
Coordinates: | 26.1° South, 65.4° West (view map) | ||||
Paleocoordinates: | 28.6° South, 52.0° West | ||||
Basis of coordinate: | based on nearby landmark | ||||
Geographic resolution: | outcrop |
Time
Period: | Cretaceous | Epoch: | Late Cretaceous |
Stage: | Maastrichtian | 10 m.y. bin: | Cretaceous 8 |
*Period: | Late/Upper Cretaceous | *Epoch: | Senonian |
Key time interval: | Early Maastrichtian | ||
Age range of interval: | 72.1 - 66 m.y. ago | ||
* legacy (obsolete) database fields |
Stratigraphy
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: | "cross stratification",bioturbation,fine,gray,green sandstone |
Includes fossils? | Y |
Lithology description: "light greenish-grey fine sandstones, characterised by a coarse irregular stratification. Some banks present irregular cross-bedded stratification and bioturbation." | |
Environment: | fluvial-lacustrine indet. |
Geology comments: "a fluvial-lacustrine coastal plane made up of sandy sediments, plus surrounding ponds and lagoons where vegetation favoured the reducing environment in which the sediments were deposited." |
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation: | body |
Size of fossils: | macrofossils,mesofossils |
Preservation of anatomical detail: | good |
Articulated whole bodies: | none |
Associated major elements: | many |
Disassociated major elements: | many |
Disassociated minor elements: | many |
Fragmentation: | occasional |
Spatial resolution: | parautochthonous |
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods: | selective quarrying,surface (float),surface (in situ),mechanical,field collection | ||
Reason for describing collection: | taxonomic analysis | ||
Collectors: | J. Bonaparte, J. Leal, & M. Vince | Collection dates: | 1975–1977 |
Collection method comments: "rich assortment of nearly 60 [avian] bones was found in association with dinosaurian remains" |
Metadata
Database number: | 13307 | ||
Authorizer: | J. Hunter, M. Carrano, P. Mannion | Enterer: | J. Hunter, K. Maguire, P. Mannion, M. Carrano |
Modifier: | M. Carrano | Research group: | vertebrate |
Created: | 2002-02-20 11:59:57 | Last modified: | 2022-02-04 12:21:27 |
Access level: | the public | Released: | 2002-02-20 11:59:57 |
Creative Commons license: | CC BY |
Reference information
Primary reference:
55175. | J. F. Bonaparte, J. A. Salfity, G. Bossi and J. E. Powell. 1977. Hallazgo de dinosaurios y aves cretacicas en la Formación Lecho de El Brete (Salta), proximo al limite con Tucumán [Discovery of Cretaceous dinosaurs and birds in the Lecho Formation of El Brete (Salta), near the border with Tucumán]. Acta Geològica Lilloana 14:5-17 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |
Secondary references:
59610 | J. F. Bonaparte. 1978. El Mesozoico de America de Sur y sus Tetrapodos [The Mesozoic of South America and its tetrapods]. Opera Lilloana 26:1-596 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] | |
55148 | J. F. Bonaparte. 1979. Faunas y paleobiogografia de los tetrápodos mesozoicos de América del Sur [Faunas and paleobiogeography of the Mesozoic tetrapods of South America]. Ameghiniana 16(3–4):217-238 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] | |
63573 | J. F. Bonaparte. 1984. I dinosauri dell’Argentina [. In G. M. Ronzoni, M. L. Greggio, & T. B. Guarinoni (eds.), Sulle Orme dei Dinosauri 125-143 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] | |
30646 | ETE | J. F. Bonaparte. 1984. Jurassic and Cretaceous terrestrial vertebrates of South America. National Geographic Society Research Reports (1975) 16:115-125 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |
16547 | ETE | J. F. Bonaparte. 1996. Cretaceous tetrapods of Argentina. Münchner Geowissenschaften Abhandlungen 30:73-130 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |
11730 | ETE | J. F. Bonaparte and J. E. Powell. 1980. A continental assemblage of tetrapods from the Upper Cretaceous beds of El Brete, northwestern Argentina (Sauropoda-Coelurosauria-Carnosauria-Aves). Mémoires de la Société Géologique de France, Nouvelle Série 139:19-28 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |
77948 | I. A. Cerda and J. E. Powell. 2010. Dermal armor histology of Saltasaurus loricatus, an Upper Cretaceous sauropod dinosaur from northwest Argentina. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 55(3):389-398 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] | |
4423 | 5% 19300 | L. M. Chiappe. 1991. Cretaceous birds of Latin America. Cretaceous Research 12(1):55-63 [J. Hunter/J. Hunter/J. Hunter] |
38776 | L. M. Chiappe. 1993. Enantiornithine (Aves) tarsometatarsi from the Cretaceous Lecho Formation of northwestern Argentina. American Museum Novitates 3083:1-27 [R. Benson/R. Benson] | |
78835 | M. D. D'Emic and J. A. Wilson. 2011. New remains attributable to the holotype of the sauropod dinosaur Neuquensaurus australis, with implications for saltasaurine systematics. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 56(1):61-73 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano] | |
14782 | ETE | N. G. Frankfurt and L. M. Chiappe. 1999. A possible oviraptorosaur from the Late Cretaceous of northwestern Argentina. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 19(1):101-105 [M. Carrano/K. Maguire/M. Carrano] |
17252 | ETE | J. E. Powell. 1992. Osteologia de Saltasaurus loricatus (Sauropoda - Titanosauridae) del Cretácico Superior del noroeste Argentino [Osteology of Saltasaurus loricatus (Sauropoda - Titanosauridae) from the Upper Cretaceous of northwest Argentina]. In J. L. Sanz & A. D. Buscalioni (eds.), Los Dinosaurios y Su Entorno Biotico: Actas del Segundo Curso de Paleontologia in Cuenca. Institutio "Juan de Valdes", Cuenca, Argentina 165-230 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |
13712 | ETE | J. E. Powell. 2003. Revision of South American titanosaurid dinosaurs: palaeobiological, palaeobiogeographical and phylogenetic aspects. Records of the Queen Victoria Museum Launceston 111:1-173 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |
6050 | C. A. Walker. 1981. New subclass of birds from the Cretaceous of South America. Nature 292:51-53 [J. Hunter/J. Hunter/J. Alroy] | |
25461 | ETE | C. A. Walker, E. Buffetaut, and G. J. Dyke. 2007. Large euenantiornithine birds from the Cretaceous of southern France, North America and Argentina. Geological Magazine 144(6):977-986 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/P. Mannion] |
38192 | C. A. Walker and G. J. Dyke. 2009. Euenantiornithine birds from the Late Cretaceous of El Brete (Argentina). Irish Journal of Earth Sciences 27(1):15-62 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion/M. Carrano] | |
79490 | V. Zurriaguz and J. E. Powell. 2015. New contributions to the presacral osteology of Saltasaurus loricatus (Sauropoda, Titanosauria) from the Upper Cretaceous of northern Argentina. Cretaceous Research 54:283-300 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |