El Simbolar (upper Lumbrera): Middle Eocene, Argentina
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Reptilia
- Sebecidae
|
||||||||||
cf. Sebecus sp.
Stirton 1953
|
Powell et al. 2011 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
PVL 6386, almost complete articulated skull and mandibles, and three cervical vertebrae, exceptionally preserved. | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Notoungulata
- Campanorcidae
|
||||||||||
Campanorco sp.
Bond et al. 1984
|
Powell et al. 2011 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
“Campanorco inauguralis”; PVL 6225, almost complete skull and upper dentition; IBIGEO-P 105 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Notoungulata
- Notohippidae
|
||||||||||
Pampahippus secundus
Deraco and GarcÍa-López 2016
|
García-López et al. 2019 | 8 specimens | ||||||||
IBIGEO-P 101 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Notoungulata
- Leontiniidae
|
||||||||||
cf. Coquenia sp.
Deraco et al. 2008
|
Powell et al. 2011 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
PVL 6397, articulated specimen with complete skull and jaws, and the anterior third postcra- nial skeleton with almost complete forelimbs. | ||||||||||
Coquenia bondi n. gen., n. sp.
Deraco et al. 2008
|
Deraco et al. 2008 | 2 specimens | ||||||||
PVL 5853 (holotype). PVL 5854 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Notoungulata
- Oldfieldthomasiidae
|
||||||||||
Dolichostylodon saltensis n. gen., n. sp.
García López and Powell 2009
|
1 specimen | |||||||||
PVL 6219 - holotype (partial skull) | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Cingulata
- Dasypodidae
|
||||||||||
? Utaetus magnum n. sp.
Herrera et al. 2021
|
Herrera et al. 2021 | |||||||||
Holotype: IBIGEO-P 109, 11 fixed, two movables, and eight caudal complete osteoderms, in addition to numerous fragmentary osteoderms, all from the same individual | ||||||||||
see common names |
Geography
Country: | Argentina | State/province: | Salta | County: | Guachipas |
Coordinates: | 25.7° South, 65.4° West (view map) | ||||
Paleocoordinates: | 28.1° South, 56.2° West | ||||
Basis of coordinate: | stated in text | ||||
Geographic resolution: | small collection |
Time
Period: | Paleogene | Epoch: | Eocene |
10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 2-3 | ||
Key time interval: | Middle Eocene | Mammal zone: | Casamayoran |
Age range of interval: | 47.8 - 37.71 m.y. ago |
Stratigraphy
Geological group: | Salta | Formation: | Lumbrera | Member: | Upper |
Stratigraphic resolution: | bed | ||||
Stratigraphy comments: Lumbrera Formation, above the “Faja Verde II” (Upper Lumbrera)
Powell et al., 2011: Recently, geologic and paleontologic evidence allowed the correlation of the upper levels of Lumbrera with Geste, Casa Grande, and Quebrada de los Colorados Formations. Additionally, these levels were referred to the late-middle Eocene (Casamayoran SALMA -South American Land Mammal Age-, Barrancan subage) by an U/Pb dating of 39.9 Ma . The lower levels of the Lumbrera Formation are here referred to the Vacan subage of the Casamayoran SALMA. Fernicola et al. 2021 obtained an 238U-206Pb isochron age of 46.2 +/- 7.3 Ma for samples from the Lower Lumberer Fm, suggesting that the Lower section of the formation was deposited between 55–46Ma. "According to different authors, the fossiliferous levels of the lower section of the Lumbrera Fm. are equivalent to the Vacan Subage (del Papa et al. 2010; Powell et al. 2011; García-López et al. 2019). However, this biochronology is not supported by the absolute dating provided in this work. The top of the LSLF is now established by radioisotopy at 46. 2 ± 7.3 Ma (early Lutetian), and the record of the EECO and ETM2 in the first 150 m of the LSLF set the initial deposition of the sec- tion in the early Eocene (early Ypresian). With these new constraints, the species based on specimens recovered on the lower levels of the LSLF (this work) are chronologically equivalent to the Itaboraian SALMA (56.1–51.4 Ma; Woodburne et al. 2014; Krause et al. 2017)." The age of the Upper Lumbrera Formation has been estimated in 39.9 +/- 0.4 Ma (U/Pb zircon recovered from a tuff layer close to the upper contact, see del Papa et al., 2010). The age of the fossil is therefore considered as middle Eocene (Bartonian) |
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: | green mudstone |
Secondary lithology: | red siltstone |
Includes fossils? | Y |
Lithology description: thick succession of reddish siltstones and sandy siltstones, with sporadic and localized intercalations of fine-grained sandstones and nodules of gypsum/anhydrite. The most outstanding features of this geological unit are its homogeneous lithology and the presence of conspicuous paleosol layers (del Papa et al., 2017). | |
Environment: | lacustrine indet. |
Geology comments: The paleoenvironmental reconstruction suggests that the Upper Lumbrera Formation represents sedimentation in a fine-grained plain, with localized fluvial and ephemeral lacustrine deposits (del Papa, 2006). Indeed, based on granulometric and petrographic analysis of the Upper Lumbrera sediments at El Simbolar, Lapiana et al. (2016) suggested a paleoenvironment of open plains constructed by the aggradation of reworked loess. |
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation: | body |
Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
Collection methods and comments
Reason for describing collection: | taxonomic analysis |
Metadata
Also known as: | above the “Faja Verde II” | ||
Database number: | 132937 | ||
Authorizer: | P. Mannion, J. Zijlstra, R. Butler | Enterer: | P. Mannion, G. Varnham, J. Zijlstra, R. Butler |
Modifier: | G. Varnham | Research group: | vertebrate |
Created: | 2012-08-29 20:43:45 | Last modified: | 2022-05-23 06:32:54 |
Access level: | the public | Released: | 2012-08-29 20:43:45 |
Creative Commons license: | CC BY |
Reference information
Primary reference:
42797. | D. A. García López and J. E. Powell. 2009. Un nuevo Oldfieldthomasiidae (Mammalia: Notoungulata) del Paleógeno de la provincia de Salta, Argentina. Ameghiniana 46(1):153-164 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion] |
Secondary references:
71974 | M. A. Armella, D. A. García-López, M. J. Babot, V. Deraco, C. M. Herrera, L. Saade, and S. Bertelli. 2020. Postcranial remains of basal typotherian notoungulates from the Eocene of northwestern Argentina. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 65 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion] | |
57641 | M. V. Deraco, J. E. Powell, and G. Lopez. 2008. Primer leontínido (Mammalia, Notoungulata) de la Formación Lumbrera (Subgrupo Santa Bárbara, Grupo Salta-Paleógeno) del noroeste argentino. Ameghiniana 45(1):83-91 [R. Butler/R. Butler/P. Mannion] | |
57545 | V. Deraco and D. A. GarcÍa-López. 2016. A new Eocene Toxodontia (Mammalia, Notoungulata) from northwestern Argentina. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 36(1):e1037884:1-11 [R. Butler/R. Butler/P. Mannion] | |
57642 | D. A. García López and J. E. Powell. 2011. Griphotherion peiranoi, gen. et sp. nov., a new Eocene Notoungulata (Mammalia, Meridiungulata) from northwestern Argentina. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 31(5):1117-1130 [R. Butler/R. Butler/P. Mannion] | |
68530 | D. A. García-López, V. Deraco, G. W. Rougier, C. Papa, J. Babot, S. Bertelli, C. M. Herrera and N. P. Giannini. 2019. New record of Pampahippus secundus (Mammalia, Notoungulata) from the Upper Lumbrera Formation, Eocene of northwestern Argentina. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology e1582537:1-5 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion] | |
81731 | C. Herrera, G. Esteban, D. A. García-López, V. Deraco, J. Babot and C. Papa. 2021. New Cingulata (Mammalia, Xenarthra) from the Upper Lumbrera Formation (Bartonian, Middle Eocene), Salta Province, Argentina. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 24(3):236-244 [P. Mannion/G. Varnham] | |
58261 | J. E. Powell, M. J. Babot, D. A. García López, M. V. Deraco, and C. Herrera. 2011. Eocene vertebrates of northwest Argentina: annotated list. In J. Salfity, R. A. Marquillas (eds.), Cenozoic Geology of the Central Andes of Argentina 349-370 [J. Zijlstra/J. Zijlstra/J. Zijlstra] |