Where: Nepal (27.7° N, 82.5° E: paleocoordinates 21.9° N, 82.5° E)
• coordinate based on nearby landmark
• local area-level geographic resolution
When: Lower Churia Formation (Siwalik Group), Miocene (23.0 - 5.3 Ma)
• member-level stratigraphic resolution
Environment/lithology: fluvial; sandstone
Size class: macrofossils
Preservation: mold/impression
Primary reference: M. Prasad. 2008. Angiospermous fossil leaves from the Siwalik foreland basins and their palaeoclimatic implications. The Palaeobotanist 57:177-215 [B. Allen/B. Allen]more details
Purpose of describing collection: biostratigraphic analysis
PaleoDB collection 222898: authorized by Bethany Allen, entered by Bethany Allen on 28.10.2021
Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)
Taxonomic list
Angiospermae | |
Ficus nepalensis Prasad 1990 fig
Ficus eomysorensis Tripathi et al. 2002 fig
Ficus retusoides Prasad 1990 fig
Ficus precunea Lakhanpal 1968 fig
Artocarpus nepalensis Prasad and Awasthi 1996 mulberry | |
Antidesma siwalica, Antidesma miocenica, Phyllanthus mioreticulatus, Phyllanthus koilabasensis n. sp.
Antidesma siwalica Prasad et al. 1999 spurge
Antidesma miocenica Prasad and Dwivedi 2007 spurge
Phyllanthus mioreticulatus Prasad et al. 2004 spurge
Phyllanthus koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad et al. 1999 spurge | |
Garcinia nepalensis Prasad et al. 1999
Kayea kalagarhensis Prasad 1994
Mesua tertiara Lakhanpal 1964 | |
Ormosia robustoides, Cassia nepalensis, Cassia neosophora, Cassia miosiamea, Dalbergia eucultrata, Dalbergia miovolubilis, Dalbergia miosericea, Dalbergia siwalika, Canavalia siwalica, Samanea siwalica, Entada palaeoscandens, Millettia miobrandisiana, Millettia imlibasensis, Millettia siwalica, Millettia palaeomanii, Millettia koilabasensis n. sp., Millettia ovatus, Albizia siwalica, Cynometra siwalika, Cynometra palaeoiripa, Pongamia kathgodamensis
Ormosia robustoides Prasad 1990 legume
Cassia nepalensis Prasad 1990 legume
Cassia neosophora Prasad 1994 legume
Cassia miosiamea Prasad 1994 legume
Dalbergia eucultrata Prasad et al. 1999 legume
Dalbergia miovolubilis Prasad et al. 1997 legume
Dalbergia miosericea Prasad 1990 legume
Dalbergia siwalika Prasad 1994 legume
Canavalia siwalica Dwivedi et al. 2006 jack-beans
Samanea siwalica Prasad 1994 legume
Entada palaeoscandens Antal and Awasthi 1993 legume
Millettia miobrandisiana Prasad 1994 legume
Millettia imlibasensis Prasad et al. 1999 legume
Millettia siwalica Prasad 1994 legume
Millettia palaeomanii Dwivedi et al. 2006 legume
Millettia koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad 1990 legume
Millettia ovatus Tripathi et al. 2002 legume
Albizia siwalica Prasad 1994 legume
Cynometra siwalika Awasthi and Prasad 1990 legume
Cynometra palaeoiripa Prasad et al. 2004 legume
Pongamia kathgodamensis Prasad et al. 2004 legume | |
Securidaca miocenica Prasad et al. 1997 milkwort
Qualea siwalica Prasad and Dwivedi 2008 milkwort | |
Anisophyllea siwalica Prasad and Awasthi 1996 | |
Berchemia nepalensis Prasad and Dwivedi 2008 buckthorn
Berchemia siwalica Tripathi et al. 2002 buckthorn
Zizyphus miocenicus Prasad 1994 buckthorn | |
Chloroxylon palaeoswietenia Prasad 1990 mahogany
Aglaia nepalensis Prasad et al. 1999 mahogany | |
Euodia koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad 1994 citrus
Atalantia miocenica Prasad 1994 citrus
Murraya khariensis Lakhanpal and Guleria 1982 citrus | |
Paranephelium seriaensis, Nephelium palaeoglabrum, Arytera seriaensis, Otophora miocenica, Euphorea nepalensis, Filicium koilabasensis n. sp.
Paranephelium seriaensis Prasad and Dwivedi 2008 soapberry
Nephelium palaeoglabrum Prasad et al. 1997 soapberry
Arytera seriaensis Prasad and Dwivedi 2008 soapberry
Otophora miocenica Prasad 1994 soapberry
Euphorea nepalensis Prasad 1994 soapberry
Filicium koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad 1994 soapberry | |
Brucea darwajensis Prasad et al. 1999 | |
Tapirira chorkholiense, Dracontomelon seriaensis, Mangifera someshwarica, Swintonia palaeoschwenckii, Bouea koilabasensis n. sp., Bouea premacrophylla
Tapirira chorkholiense Prasad 1994 cashew
Dracontomelon seriaensis Prasad et al. 1997 cashew
Mangifera someshwarica Lakhanpal and Awasthi 1984 mango
Swintonia palaeoschwenckii Prasad and Awasthi 1996 cashew
Bouea koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad 1994 cashew
Bouea premacrophylla Antal and Awasthi 1993 cashew | |
Hopea mioglabra, Shorea eutrapizifolia, Shorea miocurtisii, Isoptera siwalica, Dipterocarpus koilabasensis n. sp., Dipterocarpus siwalicus
Hopea mioglabra Prasad 1994
Shorea eutrapizifolia Prasad et al. 1999
Shorea miocurtisii Prasad and Dwivedi 2008
Isoptera siwalica Prasad et al. 1999
Dipterocarpus koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad et al. 1999
Dipterocarpus siwalicus Lakhanpal and Guleria 1987 | |
Uvaria siwalika, Melodorum jarwaensis, Polyalthia palaeosumatrana, Mitrephora miocenica, Miliusa siwalica, Miliusa mioveluntina, Fissistigma senii, Fissistigma mioelegans, Anona koilabasensis n. sp., Goniothalamus siwalicus
Uvaria siwalika Prasad 1994 custard apple
Melodorum jarwaensis Tripathi et al. 2002 custard apple
Polyalthia palaeosumatrana Tripathi et al. 2002 custard apple
Mitrephora miocenica Prasad et al. 1997 custard apple
Miliusa siwalica Prasad et al. 1999 custard apple
Miliusa mioveluntina Prasad et al. 1997 custard apple
Fissistigma senii Lakhanpal 1969 custard apple
Fissistigma mioelegans Prasad et al. 1999 custard apple
Anona koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad et al. 1999 custard apple
Goniothalamus siwalicus Prasad et al. 1997 custard apple | |
Dicotyledoneae | |
Diospyros darwajensis Prasad et al. 1990
Diospyros pretoposia Prasad 1990
Diospyros koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad 1990 | |
Terminalia koilabasensis n. sp., Terminalia panandhroensis, Terminalia siwalica, Anogeissus eosericea, Calycopteris floribundoides, Combretum sahnii
Terminalia koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad 1990
Terminalia panandhroensis Lahkanpal and Guleria 1978
Terminalia siwalica Prasad 1990
Anogeissus eosericea Prasad and Prakash 1984
Calycopteris floribundoides Prasad 1990
Combretum sahnii Antal and Awasthi 1993 bushwillow | |
Woodfordia neofruticosa, Lagerstroemia siwalica, Lagerstroemia mioparviflora, Lagerstroemia eomicrocarpa
Woodfordia neofruticosa Prasad 1994
Lagerstroemia siwalica Prasad 1994 crepe myrtle
Lagerstroemia mioparviflora Dwivedi et al. 2006 crepe myrtle
Lagerstroemia eomicrocarpa Dwivedi et al. 2006 crepe myrtle | |
Syzygium miocenicum Prasad and Prakash 1984 bush cherry
Syzygium miooccidentalis Prasad et al. 1999 bush cherry | |
Angiospermae | |
Flacourtia seriaensis, Flacourtia koilabasensis n. sp., Gynocardia mioodorata, Ryparosa prekunstelri
Flacourtia seriaensis Prasad et al. 1997
Flacourtia koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad and Dwivedi 2008
Gynocardia mioodorata Prasad et al. 2004
Ryparosa prekunstelri Prasad 1990 | |
Datura miocenica Prasad 1990 thorn apple | |
Dillenia palaeoindica Prasad and Prakash 1984 | |
Morinda siwalica Prasad 1994 coffee
Nauclea seriaensis Prasad and Dwivedi 2007 coffee
Canthium siwalica Prasad and Dwivedi 2007 coffee
Randia miowallichii Prasad 1990 indigoberry
Randia miouncaria Prasad and Dwivedi 2007 indigoberry | |
Alstonia nepalensis, Alyxia koilabasensis n. sp., Carissa koilabasensis n. sp., Tabernaemontana precoronaria
Alstonia nepalensis Prasad and Dwivedi 2007 dogbane
Alyxia koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad and Dwivedi 2007 dogbane
Carissa koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad 1994 dogbane
Tabernaemontana precoronaria Prasad 1990 milkwood | |
Gaertnera siwalica Prasad 1990 | |
Anacolosa mioluzoniensis Prasad 1994 | |
Vitex prenegundo Prasad 1990 chaste tree
Vitex siwalica Prasad 1990 chaste tree | |
Lonicera mioquinquelocularis Prasad 1990 honeysuckle | |
Sabia siwalica Dwivedi et al. 2006
Sabia eopaniculata Prasad 1994 | |
Helicia eoerretica Prasad et al. 1999 | |
Cinnamomum mioinuctum Prasad 1990 cinnamon | |
Donax kasauliensis Prasad and Dwivedi 2008 arrowroot |