PBDB Collection

Koilabas (Miocene of Nepal)

Where: Nepal (27.7° N, 82.5° E: paleocoordinates 21.9° N, 82.5° E)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: Lower Churia Formation (Siwalik Group), Miocene (23.0 - 5.3 Ma)

• member-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: fluvial; sandstone

Size class: macrofossils

Preservation: mold/impression

Primary reference: M. Prasad. 2008. Angiospermous fossil leaves from the Siwalik foreland basins and their palaeoclimatic implications. The Palaeobotanist 57:177-215 [B. Allen/B. Allen]more details

Purpose of describing collection: biostratigraphic analysis

PaleoDB collection 222898: authorized by Bethany Allen, entered by Bethany Allen on 28.10.2021

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names

Angiospermae
Magnoliales - Annonaceae	Melodorum jarwaensis, Goniothalamus siwalicus, Fissistigma mioelegans, Fissistigma senii, Mitrephora miocenica, Uvaria siwalika, Anona koilabasensis n. sp., Miliusa mioveluntina, Miliusa siwalica, Polyalthia palaeosumatrana Melodorum jarwaensis Tripathi et al. 2002 custard apple Goniothalamus siwalicus Prasad et al. 1997 custard apple Fissistigma mioelegans Prasad et al. 1999 custard apple Fissistigma senii Lakhanpal 1969 custard apple Mitrephora miocenica Prasad et al. 1997 custard apple Uvaria siwalika Prasad 1994 custard apple Anona koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad et al. 1999 custard apple Miliusa mioveluntina Prasad et al. 1997 custard apple Miliusa siwalica Prasad et al. 1999 custard apple Polyalthia palaeosumatrana Tripathi et al. 2002 custard apple
Dicotyledoneae
Ericales - Ebenaceae	Diospyros pretoposia, Diospyros koilabasensis n. sp., Diospyros darwajensis Diospyros pretoposia Prasad 1990 Diospyros koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad 1990 Diospyros darwajensis Prasad et al. 1990
Myrtales - Myrtaceae	Syzygium miocenicum, Syzygium miooccidentalis Syzygium miocenicum Prasad and Prakash 1984 bush cherry Syzygium miooccidentalis Prasad et al. 1999 bush cherry
Myrtales - Lythraceae	Lagerstroemia mioparviflora, Lagerstroemia siwalica, Lagerstroemia eomicrocarpa, Woodfordia neofruticosa Lagerstroemia mioparviflora Dwivedi et al. 2006 crepe myrtle Lagerstroemia siwalica Prasad 1994 crepe myrtle Lagerstroemia eomicrocarpa Dwivedi et al. 2006 crepe myrtle Woodfordia neofruticosa Prasad 1994
Myrtales - Combretaceae	Combretum sahnii, Calycopteris floribundoides, Terminalia koilabasensis n. sp., Terminalia siwalica, Terminalia panandhroensis, Anogeissus eosericea Combretum sahnii Antal and Awasthi 1993 bushwillow Calycopteris floribundoides Prasad 1990 Terminalia koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad 1990 Terminalia siwalica Prasad 1990 Terminalia panandhroensis Lahkanpal and Guleria 1978 Anogeissus eosericea Prasad and Prakash 1984
Angiospermae
Zingiberales - Marantaceae	Donax kasauliensis Donax kasauliensis Prasad and Dwivedi 2008 arrowroot
Laurales - Lauraceae	Cinnamomum mioinuctum Cinnamomum mioinuctum Prasad 1990 cinnamon
Dilleniales - Dilleniaceae	Dillenia palaeoindica Dillenia palaeoindica Prasad and Prakash 1984
Dipsacales - Caprifoliaceae	Lonicera mioquinquelocularis Lonicera mioquinquelocularis Prasad 1990 honeysuckle
Lamiales - Oleaceae	Anacolosa mioluzoniensis Anacolosa mioluzoniensis Prasad 1994
Lamiales - Verbenaceae	Vitex siwalica, Vitex prenegundo Vitex siwalica Prasad 1990 chaste tree Vitex prenegundo Prasad 1990 chaste tree
Gentianales - Loganiaceae	Gaertnera siwalica Gaertnera siwalica Prasad 1990
Gentianales - Apocynaceae	Alyxia koilabasensis n. sp., Alstonia nepalensis, Carissa koilabasensis n. sp., Tabernaemontana precoronaria Alyxia koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad and Dwivedi 2007 dogbane Alstonia nepalensis Prasad and Dwivedi 2007 dogbane Carissa koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad 1994 dogbane Tabernaemontana precoronaria Prasad 1990 dogbane
Gentianales - Rubiaceae	Canthium siwalica, Morinda siwalica, Nauclea seriaensis, Randia miouncaria, Randia miowallichii Canthium siwalica Prasad and Dwivedi 2007 coffee Morinda siwalica Prasad 1994 coffee Nauclea seriaensis Prasad and Dwivedi 2007 coffee Randia miouncaria Prasad and Dwivedi 2007 indigoberry Randia miowallichii Prasad 1990 indigoberry
Solanales - Solanaceae	Datura miocenica Datura miocenica Prasad 1990 nightshade
Violales - Flacourtiaceae	Gynocardia mioodorata, Flacourtia seriaensis, Flacourtia koilabasensis n. sp., Ryparosa prekunstelri Gynocardia mioodorata Prasad et al. 2004 Flacourtia seriaensis Prasad et al. 1997 Flacourtia koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad and Dwivedi 2008 Ryparosa prekunstelri Prasad 1990
Proteales - Sabiaceae	Sabia siwalica, Sabia eopaniculata Sabia siwalica Dwivedi et al. 2006 Sabia eopaniculata Prasad 1994
Proteales - Proteaceae	Helicia eoerretica Helicia eoerretica Prasad et al. 1999
Rosales - Rhamnaceae	Zizyphus miocenicus, Berchemia nepalensis, Berchemia siwalica Zizyphus miocenicus Prasad 1994 buckthorn Berchemia nepalensis Prasad and Dwivedi 2008 buckthorn Berchemia siwalica Tripathi et al. 2002 buckthorn
Malpighiales - Euphorbiaceae	Antidesma siwalica, Antidesma miocenica, Phyllanthus koilabasensis n. sp., Phyllanthus mioreticulatus Antidesma siwalica Prasad et al. 1999 spurge Antidesma miocenica Prasad and Dwivedi 2007 spurge Phyllanthus koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad et al. 1999 spurge Phyllanthus mioreticulatus Prasad et al. 2004 spurge
Malpighiales - Clusiaceae	Garcinia nepalensis, Mesua tertiara, Kayea kalagarhensis Garcinia nepalensis Prasad et al. 1999 Mesua tertiara Lakhanpal 1964 Kayea kalagarhensis Prasad 1994
Cucurbitales - Anisophylleaceae	Anisophyllea siwalica Anisophyllea siwalica Prasad and Awasthi 1996
Fabales - Polygalaceae	Securidaca miocenica, Qualea siwalica Securidaca miocenica Prasad et al. 1997 milkwort Qualea siwalica Prasad and Dwivedi 2008 milkwort
Fabales - Fabaceae	Samanea siwalica, Pongamia kathgodamensis, Dalbergia eucultrata, Dalbergia miovolubilis, Dalbergia miosericea, Dalbergia siwalika, Canavalia siwalica, Cynometra palaeoiripa, Cynometra siwalika, Entada palaeoscandens, Millettia palaeomanii, Millettia koilabasensis n. sp., Millettia imlibasensis, Millettia miobrandisiana, Millettia ovatus, Millettia siwalica, Ormosia robustoides, Albizia siwalica, Cassia neosophora, Cassia nepalensis, Cassia miosiamea Samanea siwalica Prasad 1994 legume Pongamia kathgodamensis Prasad et al. 2004 legume Dalbergia eucultrata Prasad et al. 1999 legume Dalbergia miovolubilis Prasad et al. 1997 legume Dalbergia miosericea Prasad 1990 legume Dalbergia siwalika Prasad 1994 legume Canavalia siwalica Dwivedi et al. 2006 jack-beans Cynometra palaeoiripa Prasad et al. 2004 legume Cynometra siwalika Awasthi and Prasad 1990 legume Entada palaeoscandens Antal and Awasthi 1993 legume Millettia palaeomanii Dwivedi et al. 2006 legume Millettia koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad 1990 legume Millettia imlibasensis Prasad et al. 1999 legume Millettia miobrandisiana Prasad 1994 legume Millettia ovatus Tripathi et al. 2002 legume Millettia siwalica Prasad 1994 legume Ormosia robustoides Prasad 1990 legume Albizia siwalica Prasad 1994 legume Cassia neosophora Prasad 1994 legume Cassia nepalensis Prasad 1990 legume Cassia miosiamea Prasad 1994 legume
Sapindales - Simaroubaceae	Brucea darwajensis Brucea darwajensis Prasad et al. 1999
Sapindales - Anacardiaceae	Tapirira chorkholiense, Dracontomelon seriaensis, Bouea premacrophylla, Bouea koilabasensis n. sp., Mangifera someshwarica, Swintonia palaeoschwenckii Tapirira chorkholiense Prasad 1994 cashew Dracontomelon seriaensis Prasad et al. 1997 cashew Bouea premacrophylla Antal and Awasthi 1993 cashew Bouea koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad 1994 cashew Mangifera someshwarica Lakhanpal and Awasthi 1984 mango Swintonia palaeoschwenckii Prasad and Awasthi 1996 cashew
Sapindales - Rutaceae	Atalantia miocenica, Murraya khariensis, Euodia koilabasensis n. sp. Atalantia miocenica Prasad 1994 citrus Murraya khariensis Lakhanpal and Guleria 1982 citrus Euodia koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad 1994 citrus
Sapindales - Sapindaceae	Euphorea nepalensis, Otophora miocenica, Arytera seriaensis, Nephelium palaeoglabrum, Paranephelium seriaensis, Filicium koilabasensis n. sp. Euphorea nepalensis Prasad 1994 soapberry Otophora miocenica Prasad 1994 soapberry Arytera seriaensis Prasad and Dwivedi 2008 soapberry Nephelium palaeoglabrum Prasad et al. 1997 soapberry Paranephelium seriaensis Prasad and Dwivedi 2008 soapberry Filicium koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad 1994 soapberry
Sapindales - Meliaceae	Chloroxylon palaeoswietenia, Aglaia nepalensis Chloroxylon palaeoswietenia Prasad 1990 mahogany Aglaia nepalensis Prasad et al. 1999 mahogany
Malvales - Dipterocarpaceae	Dipterocarpus siwalicus, Dipterocarpus koilabasensis n. sp., Shorea eutrapizifolia, Shorea miocurtisii, Isoptera siwalica, Hopea mioglabra Dipterocarpus siwalicus Lakhanpal and Guleria 1987 Dipterocarpus koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad et al. 1999 Shorea eutrapizifolia Prasad et al. 1999 Shorea miocurtisii Prasad and Dwivedi 2008 Isoptera siwalica Prasad et al. 1999 Hopea mioglabra Prasad 1994
Rosids - Moraceae	Artocarpus nepalensis, Ficus eomysorensis, Ficus retusoides, Ficus nepalensis, Ficus precunea Artocarpus nepalensis Prasad and Awasthi 1996 mulberry Ficus eomysorensis Tripathi et al. 2002 fig Ficus retusoides Prasad 1990 fig Ficus nepalensis Prasad 1990 fig Ficus precunea Lakhanpal 1968 fig