PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view
M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126701 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ordovician of North America					Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Ordovician of the Baltic
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Cincinnatian	Gamachian					Harju	Porkuni			443.8
		Katian		Gamachian						Pirgu			445.2
				Richmondian						Pirgu			446 *
				Richmondian						Vormsi			449.6 *
				Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian					Vormsi			449.8 *
				Maysvillian						Nabala	Johvi †		450 *
				Edenian						Nabala			450.4 *
				Edenian					Viru	Rakvere			450.6 *
			Mohawkian	Chatfieldian						Rakvere			451.1 *
										Oandu			452 *
		Sandbian								Keila	Idavere †		453
				Turinian						Keila			453.7 *
										Haljala			453.9
										Kukruse			456.4 *
			Whiterockian		Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor				Kukruse			457 *
										Uhaku	Aluoja †		457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian								Uhaku			458.4
										Lasnamagi			458.9 *
										Aseri			460.4 *
									Oeland	Kunda			462.9 *
										Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum		464.3 *
										Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian											467.3
				Rangerian									469.1 *
				Rangerian						Billingen			469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ibexian	Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †						470
											Latorp †		470.1 *
										Hunneberg			473.7 *
				Tulean									473.9 *
		Tremadocian		Tulean				Ungurian					477.7
				Stairsian									480.3 *
				Stairsian						Varangu			481.3 *
				Skullrockian/Demingian						Varangu			482 *
				Skullrockian/Demingian						Pakerort			482.2 *
													485.4 *
													486.3
													486.5
													487.5