PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126701 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ordovician of Australia	Ordovician of Britain				Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Bolindian	Ashgill	Hirnantian			Kosovian				443.8
		Katian			Rawtheyan			Kralodvorian	Bohdalec †			445.2
					Cautleyan							448.9 *
			Eastonian		Cautleyan							449 *
					Pusgillian							449.3 *
				Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †						449.6 *
					Streffordian			Berounian				449.7 *
					Cheneyan							451.5 *
			Gisbornian		Cheneyan							452 *
					Burrellian							452.7 *
		Sandbian										453
						Actonian †						453.2 *
						Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †					454.2 *
						Longvillian †						455.2 *
										Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
					Aurelucian							456.8 *
						Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian						457.4 *
						Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian			Liben †			458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Darriwilian	Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn							458.4
								Dobrotivian				458.5 *
								Oretanian				459.7 *
					Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn							461.3 *
									Sarka †			461.7 *
		Dapingian	Yapeenian						Klabava †			467.3
								Arenigian				468
				Arenig	Fennian							468.4 *
			Castlemainian									468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Chewtonian									470
			Chewtonian		Whitlandian							471.1 *
			Bendigonian									471.8 *
			Lancefieldian									473.5 *
					Moridunian							474.3 *
		Tremadocian		Tremadoc	Migneintian			Tremadocian				477.7
					Cressagian							480.8 *
			Warendian		Cressagian							482.8 *
			Warendian									485 *
												485.4