PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126734 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ordovician of China			Carboniferous of China	Permian of the Pamirs	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Silurian Ages of Europe	Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan						Wanganui	Haweran					0
		Northgrippian												0.0042
		Greenlandian												0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene												0.0117
		Chibanian												0.129
		Chibanian							Castlecliffian					0.34
		Calabrian							Castlecliffian					0.774
		Calabrian							Nukumaruan					1.63
		Gelasian							Nukumaruan					1.8
		Gelasian							Mangapanian					2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian							Mangapanian					2.58
		Piacenzian							Waipipian					3
		Zanclean							Waipipian					3.6
		Zanclean							Opoitian					3.7
	Miocene	Messinian						Taranaki	Kapitean					5.333
		Messinian							Tongaporutuan					7.2
		Tortonian							Tongaporutuan					7.246
		Tortonian						Southland	Waiauan					11.04
		Serravallian							Waiauan					11.63
		Serravallian							Lillburnian					13.05
		Langhian							Lillburnian					13.82
									Clifdenian					15.1
								Pareora	Altonian					15.9
		Burdigalian							Altonian					15.98
		Burdigalian							Otaian					18.7
		Aquitanian							Otaian					20.44
		Aquitanian						Landon	Waitakian					21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian							Waitakian					23.03
									Duntroonian					25.2
									Whaingaroan					27.3
		Rupelian												27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian												33.9
								Arnold	Runangan					34.6
									Kaiatan					36.7
		Bartonian							Kaiatan					37.71
		Bartonian							Bortonian					39.1
		Lutetian							Bortonian					41.2
								Dannevirke	Porangan					42.6
									Heretaungan					45.7
		Ypresian							Heretaungan					47.8
									Mangaorapan					48.9
									Waipawan					52
	Paleocene	Thanetian							Teurian					56
		Selandian												59.2
		Danian												61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian						Mata	Haumurian					66
		Campanian							Haumurian					72.1
		Santonian							Piripauan					83.6
		Santonian						Raukumara	Teratan					86.1
		Coniacian												86.3
		Turonian												89.8
									Mangaotanean					90.5
									Arowhanan					93.7
		Cenomanian							Arowhanan					93.9
								Clarence	Ngaterian					95.2
									Motuan					99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian							Motuan					100.5
									Urutawan					103.3
								Taitai	Korangan					108.4
		Aptian							Korangan					113
		Aptian												117.5
		Barremian												121.4
		Hauterivian												125.77
		Valanginian												132.6
		Berriasian	139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		145
		Kimmeridgian		149.2
		Oxfordian		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian		161.5
		Bathonian		165.3
		Bajocian		168.2
		Aalenian		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		174.7
		Pliensbachian		184.2
		Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Dorashamian	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Dzhulfian	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian		Midian	259.51
		Wordian		Midian	264.28
		Wordian		Murgabian	266.2 *
		Roadian		Murgabian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian		Kubergandian	273.01
		Kungurian		Bolorian	279.8
		Artinskian		Bolorian	283.5
		Artinskian		Yakhtashian	286
		Sakmarian		Sakmarian	290.1
		Asselian		Asselian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			298.9
		Gzhelian			Xiaodushanian	300 *
		Kasimovian			Xiaodushanian	303.7
		Kasimovian			Dalaun	305.8 *
		Moscovian				307
		Bashkirian				315.2
					Huashibanian	318.5 *
					Lousuan	321.2 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Dewunian	323.2
		Serpukhovian			Shangsian	330.8 *
		Visean			Shangsian	330.9
		Visean			Jiusian	335 *
		Tournaisian			Tangbagouan	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				393.3
		Pragian				407.6
		Lochkovian				410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
	Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				Gleedonian	427.4
		Homerian				Whitwellian	429.7 *
		Sheinwoodian					430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					433.4
		Aeronian					438.5
		Rhuddanian					440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					Hirnantian	Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †	Kosovian	443.8
		Katian					Chientangkiangian		Wufeng †	Kralodvorian	Bohdalec †	445.2
							Neichianshanian/Hanjiang			Kralodvorian		449.5
										Berounian		449.7 *
		Sandbian										453
			Zahorany †/Vinice									Letna †	456.2 *
			Liben †										458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					Darriwilian	Guniu †/Hulo					458.4
										Dobrotivian			458.5 *
										Oretanian			459.7 *
			Sarka †										461.7 *
			Sarka †					Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo				466.3 *
		Dapingian	Dapingian				Klabava †						467.3
		Dapingian	Dapingian							Arenigian			468
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Yiyangian							Arenigian			470
		Tremadocian	Xinchangian				Tremadocian						477.7
		Tremadocian	Xinchangian				Tremadocian		Lianghekou †				477.9 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10											485.4
		Jiangshanian											489.5
		Paibian											494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian											497
		Drumian											500.5
		Wuliuan											504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4											509
	Series 2	Stage 3											514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2											521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian											529
														538.8