PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126699 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ordovician of North America					Ordovician of the Baltic				Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Cincinnatian	Gamachian				Harju	Porkuni			Kosovian				443.8
		Katian		Gamachian					Pirgu			Kralodvorian	Bohdalec †			445.2
				Richmondian					Pirgu							446 *
									Vormsi							449.6 *
												Berounian				449.7 *
				Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian											449.8 *
				Maysvillian					Nabala	Johvi †						450 *
				Edenian					Nabala							450.4 *
				Edenian				Viru	Rakvere							450.6 *
			Mohawkian	Chatfieldian					Rakvere							451.1 *
									Oandu							452 *
		Sandbian							Keila	Idavere †						453
				Turinian					Keila							453.7 *
									Haljala							453.9
									Haljala					Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
									Kukruse							456.4 *
			Whiterockian		Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor			Kukruse							457 *
									Uhaku	Aluoja †						457.5 *
													Liben †			458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian														458.4
												Dobrotivian				458.5 *
									Lasnamagi			Dobrotivian				458.9 *
									Lasnamagi			Oretanian				459.7 *
									Aseri							460.4 *
									Aseri				Sarka †			461.7 *
								Oeland	Kunda							462.9 *
									Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum						464.3 *
									Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka					467.1 *
		Dapingian											Klabava †			467.3
												Arenigian				468
				Rangerian												469.1 *
				Rangerian					Billingen							469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ibexian	Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †									470
										Latorp †						470.1 *
									Hunneberg							473.7 *
				Tulean												473.9 *
		Tremadocian		Tulean								Tremadocian				477.7
				Stairsian												480.3 *
				Stairsian					Varangu							481.3 *
				Skullrockian/Demingian					Varangu							482 *
				Skullrockian/Demingian					Pakerort							482.2 *
																485.4 *
																486.3
																486.5
																487.5