PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126700 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Central Paratethys Stages	Permian of China	Ordovician of the Baltic				Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan											0
		Northgrippian											0.0042
		Greenlandian											0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene											0.0117
		Chibanian											0.129
		Calabrian											0.774
		Gelasian											1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian											2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean											3.6
	Miocene	Messinian											5.333
		Tortonian			Pannonian								7.246
		Serravallian			Sarmatian								11.63
		Serravallian			Badenian								12.8 *
		Langhian											13.82
		Burdigalian											15.98
		Aquitanian											20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian											23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian											27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian											33.9
		Bartonian											37.71
		Lutetian											41.2
		Ypresian											47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian											56
		Selandian											59.2
		Danian											61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian											66
		Campanian											72.1
		Santonian											83.6
		Coniacian											86.3
		Turonian											89.8
		Cenomanian											93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian											100.5
		Aptian											113
		Barremian											121.4
		Hauterivian											125.77
		Valanginian											132.6
		Berriasian											139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian											145
		Kimmeridgian											149.2
		Oxfordian											154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian											161.5
		Bathonian											165.3
		Bajocian											168.2
		Aalenian											170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian											174.7
		Pliensbachian											184.2
		Sinemurian											192.9
		Hettangian											199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian											201.4
		Norian											208.5
		Carnian											227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian											237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian											242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian											247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan											251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				Meishanian							251.902
		Changhsingian				Baoqingian							253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian				Laoshanian							254.14
		Wuchiapingian				Laibinian							257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Lengwuan							259.51
		Wordian				Kuhfengian							264.28
		Roadian				Kuhfengian							266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Luodianian							273.01
		Artinskian				Luodianian							283.5
		Artinskian	Longlinian	285.4 *
		Sakmarian	Longlinian	290.1
		Asselian	Zisongian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Zisongian	298.9
		Gzhelian		300.1
		Kasimovian		303.7
		Moscovian		307
		Bashkirian		315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		323.2
		Visean		330.9
		Tournaisian		346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian		393.3
		Pragian		407.6
		Lochkovian		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli			419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian		423
	Ludlow	Gorstian		425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian		427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian		430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian		433.4
		Aeronian		438.5
		Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Harju	Porkuni	Kosovian	443.8
		Katian			Pirgu	Kralodvorian	Bohdalec †	445.2
					Vormsi	Kralodvorian		449.6 *
					Vormsi	Berounian		449.7 *
					Nabala			Johvi †	450 *
				Viru	Rakvere				450.6 *
					Oandu				452 *
		Sandbian			Keila			Idavere †	453
					Haljala				453.9
					Haljala				Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
					Kukruse						456.4 *
					Uhaku			Aluoja †			457.5 *
							Liben †				458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian									458.4
						Dobrotivian					458.5 *
					Lasnamagi	Dobrotivian					458.9 *
					Lasnamagi	Oretanian					459.7 *
					Aseri						460.4 *
					Aseri		Sarka †				461.7 *
				Oeland	Kunda						462.9 *
					Kunda			Valaste †/Hunderum			464.3 *
					Volkhov						Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian					Klabava †					467.3
						Arenigian						468
					Billingen							469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian										470
								Latorp †				470.1 *
					Hunneberg							473.7 *
		Tremadocian			Hunneberg	Tremadocian						477.7
					Varangu							481.3 *
					Pakerort							482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Pakerort							485.4
												486.3 *
												486.5
		Jiangshanian										489.5
		Paibian										494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian										497
		Drumian										500.5
		Wuliuan										504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4										509
	Series 2	Stage 3										514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2										521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	529
													538.8