PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126701 collections

Show less time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			North American Land Mammal Ages	Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Saintaugustinean					0
		Meghalayan	Santarosean					0.0004
		Northgrippian						0.0042
		Greenlandian						0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene						0.0117
		Late Pleistocene	Rancholabrean					0.014
		Chibanian	Rancholabrean					0.129
		Chibanian	Irvingtonian					0.21
		Calabrian	Irvingtonian					0.774
		Calabrian	Blancan					1.4
		Gelasian						1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian						2.58
		Zanclean						3.6
		Zanclean	Hemphillian					4.7
	Miocene	Messinian						5.333
		Tortonian						7.246
		Tortonian	Clarendonian					9.4
		Serravallian	Clarendonian					11.63
		Serravallian	Barstovian					12.5
		Langhian						13.82
		Burdigalian						15.98
			Hemingfordian					16.3
			Arikareean					18.5
		Aquitanian						20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian						23.03
		Rupelian						27.82
			Whitneyan					29.5
			Orellan					31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian	Chadronian					33.9
		Priabonian	Duchesnean					37
		Bartonian	Duchesnean					37.71
		Bartonian	Uintan					39.7
		Lutetian	Uintan					41.2
		Lutetian	Bridgerian					46.2
		Ypresian	Bridgerian					47.8
			Wasatchian					50.5
			Clarkforkian					54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Clarkforkian					56
		Thanetian	Tiffanian					56.2
		Selandian	Tiffanian					59.2
		Selandian	Torrejonian					60.9
		Danian	Torrejonian					61.6
		Danian	Puercan					63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian						66
		Campanian						72.1
		Santonian						83.6
		Coniacian						86.3
		Turonian						89.8
		Cenomanian						93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian						100.5
		Aptian						113
		Barremian						121.4
		Hauterivian						125.77
		Valanginian						132.6
		Berriasian						139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian						145
		Kimmeridgian						149.2
		Oxfordian						154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian						161.5
		Bathonian						165.3
		Bajocian						168.2
		Aalenian						170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian						174.7
		Pliensbachian						184.2
		Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian		259.51
		Wordian		264.28
		Roadian		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian		273.01
		Artinskian		283.5
		Sakmarian		290.1
		Asselian		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian		298.9
		Kasimovian		303.7
		Moscovian		307
		Bashkirian		315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		323.2
		Visean		330.9
		Tournaisian		346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian		393.3
		Pragian		407.6
		Lochkovian		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli			419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian		423
	Ludlow	Gorstian		425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian		427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian		430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian		433.4
		Aeronian		438.5
		Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Kosovian	443.8
		Katian		Kralodvorian	Bohdalec †	445.2
		Katian		Berounian		449.7 *
		Sandbian	453
			Zahorany †/Vinice			Letna †	456.2 *
			Liben †				458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					458.4
				Dobrotivian			458.5 *
				Oretanian			459.7 *
			Sarka †				461.7 *
		Dapingian	Klabava †				467.3
		Dapingian		Arenigian			468
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Arenigian			470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	Tremadocian				477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					485.4
		Jiangshanian					489.5
		Paibian					494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					497
		Drumian					500.5
		Wuliuan					504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4					509
	Series 2	Stage 3					514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2					521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian					529
								538.8