International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
- A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
- A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
This timescale is used in the definition of 126318 collections
International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Cambrian Epochs | North American Land Mammal Ages | Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | Saintaugustinean | 0 | ||
Santarosean | 0.0004 | |||||
Northgrippian | 0.0042 | |||||
Greenlandian | 0.0082 | |||||
Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | 0.0117 | ||||
Rancholabrean | 0.014 | |||||
Chibanian | 0.129 | |||||
Irvingtonian | 0.21 | |||||
Calabrian | 0.774 | |||||
Blancan | 1.4 | |||||
Gelasian | 1.8 | |||||
Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | 2.58 | |||
Zanclean | 3.6 | |||||
Hemphillian | 4.7 | |||||
Miocene | Messinian | 5.333 | ||||
Tortonian | 7.246 | |||||
Clarendonian | 9.4 | |||||
Serravallian | 11.63 | |||||
Barstovian | 12.5 | |||||
Langhian | 13.82 | |||||
Burdigalian | 15.98 | |||||
Hemingfordian | 16.3 | |||||
Arikareean | 18.5 | |||||
Aquitanian | 20.44 | |||||
Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | 23.03 | |||
Rupelian | 27.82 | |||||
Whitneyan | 29.5 | |||||
Orellan | 31.8 | |||||
Eocene | Priabonian | Chadronian | 33.9 | |||
Duchesnean | 37 | |||||
Bartonian | 37.71 | |||||
Uintan | 39.7 | |||||
Lutetian | 41.2 | |||||
Bridgerian | 46.2 | |||||
Ypresian | 47.8 | |||||
Wasatchian | 50.5 | |||||
Clarkforkian | 54.9 | |||||
Paleocene | Thanetian | 56 | ||||
Tiffanian | 56.2 | |||||
Selandian | 59.2 | |||||
Torrejonian | 60.9 | |||||
Danian | 61.6 | |||||
Puercan | 63.8 | |||||
Cretaceous | Late Cretaceous | Maastrichtian | 66 | |||
Campanian | 72.1 | |||||
Santonian | 83.6 | |||||
Coniacian | 86.3 | |||||
Turonian | 89.8 | |||||
Cenomanian | 93.9 | |||||
Early Cretaceous | Albian | 100.5 | ||||
Aptian | 113 | |||||
Barremian | 121.4 | |||||
Hauterivian | 125.77 | |||||
Valanginian | 132.6 | |||||
Berriasian | 139.8 | |||||
Jurassic | Late Jurassic | Tithonian | 145 | |||
Kimmeridgian | 149.2 | |||||
Oxfordian | 154.8 | |||||
Middle Jurassic | Callovian | 161.5 | ||||
Bathonian | 165.3 | |||||
Bajocian | 168.2 | |||||
Aalenian | 170.9 | |||||
Early Jurassic | Toarcian | 174.7 | ||||
Pliensbachian | 184.2 | |||||
Sinemurian | 192.9 | |||||
Hettangian | 199.5 | |||||
Triassic | Late Triassic | Rhaetian | 201.4 | |||
Norian | 208.5 | |||||
Carnian | 227 | |||||
Middle Triassic | Ladinian | 237 | ||||
Anisian | 242 | |||||
Early Triassic | Olenekian | Vokhmian | 247.2 | |||
Induan | 251.2 | |||||
Permian | Lopingian | Changhsingian | 251.902 | |||
Wuchiapingian | Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian | 254.14 | ||||
Guadalupian | Capitanian | Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian | 259.51 | |||
Wordian | Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian | 264.28 | ||||
Roadian | Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian | 266.9 | ||||
Cisuralian | Kungurian | 273.01 | ||||
Artinskian | 283.5 | |||||
Sakmarian | 290.1 | |||||
Asselian | 293.52 | |||||
Carboniferous | Pennsylvanian | Gzhelian | 298.9 | |||
Kasimovian | 303.7 | |||||
Moscovian | 307 | |||||
Bashkirian | 315.2 | |||||
Mississippian | Serpukhovian | 323.2 | ||||
Visean | 330.9 | |||||
Tournaisian | 346.7 | |||||
Devonian | Late Devonian | Famennian | 358.9 | |||
Frasnian | 372.2 | |||||
Middle Devonian | Givetian | 382.7 | ||||
Eifelian | 387.7 | |||||
Early Devonian | Emsian | 393.3 | ||||
Pragian | 407.6 | |||||
Lochkovian | 410.8 | |||||
Silurian | Pridoli | 419.2 | ||||
Ludlow | Ludfordian | 423 | ||||
Gorstian | 425.6 | |||||
Wenlock | Homerian | 427.4 | ||||
Sheinwoodian | 430.5 | |||||
Llandovery | Telychian | 433.4 | ||||
Aeronian | 438.5 | |||||
Rhuddanian | 440.8 | |||||
Ordovician | Late Ordovician | Hirnantian | 443.8 | |||
Katian | 445.2 | |||||
Sandbian | 453 | |||||
Middle Ordovician | Darriwilian | 458.4 | ||||
Dapingian | 467.3 | |||||
Early Ordovician | Floian | 470 | ||||
Tremadocian | 477.7 | |||||
Cambrian | Furongian | Stage 10 | Late Cambrian | 485.4 | ||
Jiangshanian | 489.5 | |||||
Paibian | 494 | |||||
Miaolingian | Guzhangian | Middle Cambrian | 497 | |||
Drumian | 500.5 | |||||
Wuliuan | 504.5 | |||||
Series 2 | Stage 4 | Early Cambrian | 509 | |||
Stage 3 | 514 | |||||
Terreneuvian | Stage 2 | 521 | ||||
Fortunian | 529 | |||||
538.8 |