PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

This timescale is used in the definition of 126691 collections

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Ten Million Year Bins	North American Land Mammal Ages
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan		Cenozoic 6	Saintaugustinean	0
		Meghalayan			Santarosean	0.0004
		Northgrippian				0.0042
		Greenlandian				0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene	Nihewanian			0.0117
		Late Pleistocene			Rancholabrean	0.014
		Chibanian			Rancholabrean	0.129
		Chibanian			Irvingtonian	0.21
		Calabrian			Irvingtonian	0.774
		Calabrian			Blancan	1.4
		Gelasian				1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Yushean			2.58
		Zanclean				3.6
					Hemphillian	4.7
			Baodean			4.9
	Miocene	Messinian				5.333
		Tortonian				7.246
					Clarendonian	9.4
			Tunggurian			11.1
		Serravallian		Cenozoic 5		11.63
		Serravallian			Barstovian	12.5
		Langhian	Shanwangian			13.82
		Burdigalian				15.98
					Hemingfordian	16.3
			Xiejiaan		Hemingfordian	16.9
					Arikareean	18.5
		Aquitanian				20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian		Cenozoic 4		23.03
		Rupelian				27.82
					Whitneyan	29.5
					Orellan	31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian		Cenozoic 3	Chadronian	33.9
		Priabonian			Duchesnean	37
		Bartonian			Duchesnean	37.71
		Bartonian			Uintan	39.7
		Lutetian		Cenozoic 2	Uintan	41.2
		Lutetian			Bridgerian	46.2
		Ypresian			Bridgerian	47.8
					Wasatchian	50.5
					Clarkforkian	54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian		Cenozoic 1	Clarkforkian	56
		Thanetian			Tiffanian	56.2
		Selandian			Tiffanian	59.2
		Selandian			Torrejonian	60.9
		Danian			Torrejonian	61.6
		Danian			Puercan	63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian		Cretaceous 8		66
		Campanian		Cretaceous 7		72.1
		Santonian		Cretaceous 6		83.6
		Coniacian				86.3
		Turonian				89.8
		Cenomanian		Cretaceous 5		93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian		Cretaceous 4		100.5
		Aptian		Cretaceous 3		113
		Barremian		Cretaceous 2		121.4
		Hauterivian		Cretaceous 2		125.77
		Valanginian		Cretaceous 1		132.6
		Berriasian		Cretaceous 1		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		Jurassic 6		145
		Kimmeridgian		Jurassic 5		149.2
		Oxfordian				154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian				161.5
		Bathonian		Jurassic 4		165.3
		Bajocian		Jurassic 4		168.2
		Aalenian		Jurassic 3		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		Jurassic 3		174.7
		Pliensbachian		Jurassic 2		184.2
		Sinemurian		Jurassic 1		192.9
		Hettangian		Jurassic 1		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		Triassic 4		201.4
		Norian		Triassic 4		208.5
		Carnian		Triassic 3		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Triassic 2		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		Triassic 2		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Triassic 1		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		Triassic 1		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Permian 4		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian				254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				259.51
		Wordian				264.28
		Roadian		Permian 3		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian		Permian 2		273.01
		Artinskian				283.5
		Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian		Permian 1		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian		Carboniferous 5		298.9
		Kasimovian		Carboniferous 5		303.7
		Moscovian		Carboniferous 4		307
		Bashkirian		Carboniferous 4		315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Carboniferous 3		323.2
		Visean		Carboniferous 2		330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2	393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1	407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2	419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian		423
	Ludlow	Gorstian		425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian		427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian		430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1	433.4
		Aeronian		438.5
		Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5	443.8
		Katian	Ordovician 5	445.2
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	Ordovician 2	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ordovician 2	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	Ordovician 1	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5	485.4
		Jiangshanian		489.5
		Paibian		494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4	497
		Drumian	Cambrian 4	500.5
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Cambrian 3	509
	Series 2	Stage 3	Cambrian 2	514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Cambrian 2	521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1	529
						538.8