International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
- M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
- M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
- F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
- A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126700 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Neogene Mammal Ages of China | Mammal Paleogene Zones | Central Paratethys Stages | European Faunal Zones | European Faunal Units | North American Land Mammal Ages | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | Saintaugustinean | 0 | ||||||
| Santarosean | 0.0004 | |||||||||
| Northgrippian | 0.0042 | |||||||||
| Greenlandian | 0.0082 | |||||||||
| Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | Nihewanian | 0.0117 | |||||||
| Rancholabrean | 0.014 | |||||||||
| Chibanian | 0.129 | |||||||||
| Irvingtonian | 0.21 | |||||||||
| Calabrian | 0.774 | |||||||||
| Blancan | 1.4 | |||||||||
| Gelasian | MN 17 | 1.8 | ||||||||
| Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | Yushean | MN 16 | Villanyian | 2.58 | ||||
| Ruscinian | 3.1 * | |||||||||
| MN 15 | 3.2 | |||||||||
| Zanclean | 3.6 | |||||||||
| MN 14 | 4.2 | |||||||||
| Hemphillian | 4.7 | |||||||||
| Baodean | MN 13 | 4.9 | ||||||||
| Miocene | Messinian | Turolian | 5.333 | |||||||
| Tortonian | Pannonian | MN 12 | 7.246 | |||||||
| MN 11 | 7.75 | |||||||||
| MN 10 | Vallesian | 8.7 | ||||||||
| Clarendonian | 9.4 | |||||||||
| MN 9 | 9.7 | |||||||||
| Tunggurian | MN 7 + 8 | 11.1 | ||||||||
| Serravallian | Sarmatian | Astaracian | 11.63 | |||||||
| Barstovian | 12.5 | |||||||||
| Badenian | MN 6 | 12.8 * | ||||||||
| Langhian | Shanwangian | MN 5 | 13.82 | |||||||
| Burdigalian | MN 4 | Orleanian | 15.98 | |||||||
| Hemingfordian | 16.3 | |||||||||
| Xiejiaan | MN 3 | 16.9 | ||||||||
| Arikareean | 18.5 | |||||||||
| MN 2 | Agenian | 20 | ||||||||
| Aquitanian | 20.44 | |||||||||
| MN 1 | 22.4 | |||||||||
| Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26 | MP 25 | 23.03 | |||||
| Rupelian | MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21 | 27.82 | ||||||||
| Whitneyan | 29.5 | |||||||||
| Orellan | 31.8 | |||||||||
| Eocene | Priabonian | MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A | Chadronian | 33.9 | ||||||
| Duchesnean | 37 | |||||||||
| Bartonian | MP 16 | 37.71 | ||||||||
| Uintan | 39.7 | |||||||||
| Lutetian | MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11 | 41.2 | ||||||||
| Bridgerian | 46.2 | |||||||||
| Ypresian | MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7 | 47.8 | ||||||||
| Wasatchian | 50.5 | |||||||||
| Clarkforkian | 54.9 | |||||||||
| Paleocene | Thanetian | MP 6 | MP 1 - 5 | 56 | ||||||
| Tiffanian | 56.2 | |||||||||
| Selandian | 59.2 | |||||||||
| Torrejonian | 60.9 | |||||||||
| Danian | 61.6 | |||||||||
| Puercan | 63.8 | |||||||||
| 66 | ||||||||||