PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

This timescale is used in the definition of 126691 collections

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Precambrian of Russia	Devonian of Germany	Devonian of Czechoslovakia	North American Land Mammal Ages
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Saintaugustinean	0
				Meghalayan				Santarosean	0.0004
				Northgrippian					0.0042
				Greenlandian					0.0082
			Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene					0.0117
				Late Pleistocene				Rancholabrean	0.014
				Chibanian				Rancholabrean	0.129
				Chibanian				Irvingtonian	0.21
				Calabrian				Irvingtonian	0.774
				Calabrian				Blancan	1.4
				Gelasian					1.8
		Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian					2.58
				Zanclean					3.6
				Zanclean				Hemphillian	4.7
			Miocene	Messinian					5.333
				Tortonian					7.246
				Tortonian				Clarendonian	9.4
				Serravallian				Clarendonian	11.63
				Serravallian				Barstovian	12.5
				Langhian					13.82
				Burdigalian					15.98
								Hemingfordian	16.3
								Arikareean	18.5
				Aquitanian					20.44
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian					23.03
				Rupelian					27.82
								Whitneyan	29.5
								Orellan	31.8
			Eocene	Priabonian				Chadronian	33.9
				Priabonian				Duchesnean	37
				Bartonian				Duchesnean	37.71
				Bartonian				Uintan	39.7
				Lutetian				Uintan	41.2
				Lutetian				Bridgerian	46.2
				Ypresian				Bridgerian	47.8
								Wasatchian	50.5
								Clarkforkian	54.9
			Paleocene	Thanetian				Clarkforkian	56
				Thanetian				Tiffanian	56.2
				Selandian				Tiffanian	59.2
				Selandian				Torrejonian	60.9
				Danian				Torrejonian	61.6
				Danian				Puercan	63.8
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian					66
				Campanian					72.1
				Santonian					83.6
				Coniacian					86.3
				Turonian					89.8
				Cenomanian					93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian					100.5
				Aptian					113
				Barremian					121.4
				Hauterivian					125.77
				Valanginian					132.6
				Berriasian					139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian					145
				Kimmeridgian					149.2
				Oxfordian					154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian					161.5
				Bathonian					165.3
				Bajocian					168.2
				Aalenian					170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian					174.7
				Pliensbachian					184.2
Sinemurian				192.9
Hettangian				199.5
Triassic		Late Triassic	Rhaetian	201.4
			Norian	208.5
			Carnian	227
		Middle Triassic	Ladinian	237
		Middle Triassic	Anisian	242
		Early Triassic	Olenekian	247.2
		Early Triassic	Induan	251.2
Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	251.902
		Lopingian	Wuchiapingian	254.14
		Guadalupian	Capitanian	259.51
			Wordian	264.28
			Roadian	266.9
		Cisuralian	Kungurian	273.01
			Artinskian	283.5
			Sakmarian	290.1
			Asselian	293.52
	Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	298.9
			Kasimovian	303.7
			Moscovian	307
			Bashkirian	315.2
		Mississippian	Serpukhovian	323.2
			Visean	330.9
			Tournaisian	346.7
	Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden	358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian	Adorf	372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian	Givetian	Srbsko	382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Eifelian	Chotec	387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian	Emsian	Daleje/Zlichovian	393.3
			Pragian	Siegen	Pragian	407.6
			Lochkovian	Gedinnine	Lochkovian	410.8
	Silurian	Pridoli				419.2
		Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
		Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian			427.4
		Wenlock	Sheinwoodian			430.5
		Llandovery	Telychian			433.4
			Aeronian			438.5
			Rhuddanian			440.8
	Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			443.8
			Katian			445.2
			Sandbian			453
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			458.4
		Middle Ordovician	Dapingian			467.3
		Early Ordovician	Floian			470
		Early Ordovician	Tremadocian			477.7
	Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			485.4
			Jiangshanian			489.5
			Paibian			494
		Miaolingian	Guzhangian			497
			Drumian			500.5
			Wuliuan			504.5
		Series 2	Stage 4			509
		Series 2	Stage 3			514
		Terreneuvian	Stage 2			521
		Terreneuvian	Fortunian			529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran					Vendian	538.8
		Cryogenian						635
		Tonian						720
		Tonian					Karatau	800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian					Karatau	1000
		Stenian					Yurmatian	1100
		Ectasian					Yurmatian	1200
		Ectasian					Burzyan	1375
									1400