PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126762 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Central Paratethys Stages	Devonian of France	Ordovician of Australia	Permian of the Russian Platform		Cambrian of Siberia
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan									0
		Northgrippian									0.0042
		Greenlandian									0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene									0.0117
		Chibanian									0.129
		Calabrian									0.774
		Gelasian									1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian									2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean									3.6
	Miocene	Messinian									5.333
		Tortonian	Pannonian								7.246
		Serravallian	Sarmatian								11.63
		Serravallian	Badenian								12.8 *
		Langhian									13.82
		Burdigalian									15.98
		Aquitanian									20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian									23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian									27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian									33.9
		Bartonian									37.71
		Lutetian									41.2
		Ypresian									47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian									56
		Selandian									59.2
		Danian									61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian									66
		Campanian									72.1
		Santonian									83.6
		Coniacian									86.3
		Turonian									89.8
		Cenomanian									93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian									100.5
		Aptian									113
		Barremian									121.4
		Hauterivian									125.77
		Valanginian									132.6
		Berriasian									139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian									145
		Kimmeridgian									149.2
		Oxfordian									154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian									161.5
		Bathonian									165.3
		Bajocian									168.2
		Aalenian									170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian									174.7
		Pliensbachian									184.2
		Sinemurian									192.9
		Hettangian									199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian									201.4
		Norian									208.5
		Carnian									227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian									237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian									242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian									247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan									251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian									251.902
		Wuchiapingian									254.14
		Wuchiapingian				Tatarian	Vyatkian				256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					Severodvinian				259.51
		Wordian					Urzhumian				264.28
		Roadian				Kazanian	Povolzhian				266.9
		Roadian				Kazanian	Sokian				270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian				273.01
							Filipovian				276.5 *
				Saraninian	280.1 *
		Artinskian		Artinskian	Sarginian	283.5
					Irginian	285.9 *
					Burtsevian	287.8 *
		Sakmarian		Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian	290.1
		Sakmarian		Sakmarian	Tastubian	291.7 *
		Asselian		Asselian	Shikhanian	293.52
					Uskalykian	294.8
					Surenian	297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				298.9
		Kasimovian				303.7
		Moscovian				307
		Bashkirian				315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	323.2
		Visean	330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Famennian			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Frasnian			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Givetian			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Couvinien			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				393.3
		Pragian				407.6
		Pragian	Coblencien			408.2 *
		Lochkovian	Gedinnine			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
	Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian				433.4
		Aeronian				438.5
		Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				Bolindian	443.8
		Katian				Bolindian	445.2
						Eastonian	449 *
						Gisbornian	452 *
		Sandbian				Gisbornian	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				Darriwilian	458.4
		Dapingian				Yapeenian	467.3
		Dapingian				Castlemainian	468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian				Chewtonian	470
						Bendigonian	471.8 *
						Lancefieldian	473.5 *
		Tremadocian				Lancefieldian	477.7
						Warendian	482.8 *
						Warendian	Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	485.4
		Jiangshanian					Batyrbaian			489.5
							Aksaian			490.7 *
							Sakian			492.2 *
		Paibian								494
		Paibian							Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian	494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Ayusokkanian			497
		Guzhangian					Mayan/Menevian			499.5
		Drumian					Mayan/Menevian			500.5
		Wuliuan					Amgan/Solvan			504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4					Amgan/Solvan			509
							Toyonian	Lenian †		510 *
							Botomian			512.5 *
		Stage 3					Botomian			514
		Stage 3					Atdabanian			515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2					Tommotian			521
		Stage 2					Nemakit-Daldynian			525.5
		Fortunian					Nemakit-Daldynian	Manykaian †		529
											538.8