PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126610 collections

Show less time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cambrian of China			Cenozoic Subepochs
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan					0
		Northgrippian					0.0042
		Greenlandian					0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Late Pleistocene	0.0117
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene	0.129
		Calabrian				Early Pleistocene	0.774
		Gelasian				Early Pleistocene	1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian				Late Pliocene	2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean				Early Pliocene	3.6
	Miocene	Messinian				Late Miocene	5.333
		Tortonian				Late Miocene	7.246
		Serravallian				Middle Miocene	11.63
		Langhian				Middle Miocene	13.82
		Burdigalian				Early Miocene	15.98
		Aquitanian				Early Miocene	20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Late Oligocene	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian				Early Oligocene	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Eocene	33.9
		Bartonian				Middle Eocene	37.71
		Lutetian				Middle Eocene	41.2
		Ypresian				Early Eocene	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Late Paleocene	56
		Selandian				Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Danian				Early Paleocene	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian					66
		Campanian					72.1
		Santonian					83.6
		Coniacian					86.3
		Turonian					89.8
		Cenomanian					93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian					100.5
		Aptian					113
		Barremian					121.4
		Hauterivian					125.77
		Valanginian					132.6
		Berriasian					139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian					145
		Kimmeridgian					149.2
		Oxfordian					154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian					161.5
		Bathonian					165.3
		Bajocian					168.2
		Aalenian					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian					174.7
		Pliensbachian					184.2
		Sinemurian					192.9
		Hettangian					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian					201.4
		Norian					208.5
		Carnian					227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian					242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan					251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian					254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					259.51
		Wordian					264.28
		Roadian					266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					273.01
		Artinskian					283.5
		Sakmarian					290.1
		Asselian					293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					298.9
		Kasimovian	303.7
		Moscovian	307
		Bashkirian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	323.2
		Visean	330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian	445.2
		Sandbian	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	485.4
		Jiangshanian	Jiangshanian		489.5
		Paibian	Paibian		494
		Paibian	Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian	494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	497
		Guzhangian	Guzhangian		Arcadian	498.4
		Drumian	Drumian			500.5
		Wuliuan	Wuliuan/Taijangian			504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Duyunian		Branchian	509
		Stage 3	Nangaoian		Branchian	514
		Stage 3	Nangaoian		Placentian	517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Meishucunian			521
		Fortunian	Meishucunian			529
		Fortunian	Jinnigian			530.7
							538.8