PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
P. L. Gibbard, M. J. Head, and M. J. C. Walker. 2010. Formal ratification of the Quaternary System/Period and the Pleistocene Series/Epoch with a base at 2.58 Ma. Journal of Quaternary Science 25(2):96-102 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126701 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Cambrian of North America		Cambrian of West Avalonia
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5		Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan		485.4
		Stage 10		Sunwaptan			487.5
		Jiangshanian		Sunwaptan			489.5
		Jiangshanian		Steptoean			493 *
		Paibian		Steptoean			494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4	Marjumian	Albertian †		497
		Guzhangian				Arcadian	498.4
		Drumian					500.5
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3	Topazan			504.5
		Wuliuan		Delamaran			506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4		Delamaran	Waucoban †	Branchian	509
		Stage 4		Dyeran			511 *
		Stage 3	Cambrian 2	Dyeran			514
				Montezuman			514.8 *
				Montezuman		Placentian	517.1
				Begadean			519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2					521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1				529
							538.8