International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
- J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
- J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
- B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
- M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
- Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126186 collections
International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Cambrian of West Avalonia | Cambrian of Britain | Cambrian of Australia | Ordovician of North America | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
470 | |||||||||||||||
482 | |||||||||||||||
Cambrian | Furongian | Stage 10 | Merioneth | Dolgellian/Trempealeauan | Datsonian | Ibexian | Skullrockian | 485.4 * | |||||||
Payntonian | 486.8 * | ||||||||||||||
487.5 | |||||||||||||||
Festiniogian | 489.2 * | ||||||||||||||
Jiangshanian | Iverian | 489.5 | |||||||||||||
Maentwrogian | 493.1 * | ||||||||||||||
Paibian | Idamean | 494 | |||||||||||||
Miaolingian | Guzhangian | St Davids | Mindyallan | 497 | |||||||||||
Arcadian | 498.4 | ||||||||||||||
Boomerangian | 499 | ||||||||||||||
Drumian | Undillan | 500.5 | |||||||||||||
Floran | 503 | ||||||||||||||
Wuliuan | Templetonian | 504.5 | |||||||||||||
Ordian | 507.8 * | ||||||||||||||
Series 2 | Stage 4 | Branchian | Caerfai | 509 | |||||||||||
510.8 * | |||||||||||||||
Stage 3 | 514 | ||||||||||||||
Placentian | 517.1 | ||||||||||||||
Terreneuvian | Stage 2 | 521 | |||||||||||||
Fortunian | 529 | ||||||||||||||
538.8 |