International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
- J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 127017 collections
International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Devonian of Germany | Cambrian of China | Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia | Permian of the Pamirs | Cretaceous Subepochs | Ordovician of Australia | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | 0 | ||||||||
Northgrippian | 0.0042 | ||||||||||
Greenlandian | 0.0082 | ||||||||||
Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | 0.0117 | |||||||||
Chibanian | 0.129 | ||||||||||
Calabrian | 0.774 | ||||||||||
Gelasian | 1.8 | ||||||||||
Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | 2.58 | ||||||||
Zanclean | 3.6 | ||||||||||
Miocene | Messinian | 5.333 | |||||||||
Tortonian | 7.246 | ||||||||||
Serravallian | 11.63 | ||||||||||
Langhian | 13.82 | ||||||||||
Burdigalian | 15.98 | ||||||||||
Aquitanian | 20.44 | ||||||||||
Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | Tabenbulakian | Hsandagolian | 23.03 | ||||||
Rupelian | Kekeamuan | 27.82 | |||||||||
Eocene | Priabonian | Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian | 33.9 | ||||||||
Bartonian | Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan | 37.71 | |||||||||
Lutetian | 41.2 | ||||||||||
Ypresian | Bumbanian | 47.8 | |||||||||
Paleocene | Thanetian | Gashatan | 56 | ||||||||
Selandian | 59.2 | ||||||||||
Danian | 61.6 | ||||||||||
Cretaceous | Late Cretaceous | Maastrichtian | Senonian | 66 | |||||||
Campanian | 72.1 | ||||||||||
Santonian | 83.6 | ||||||||||
Coniacian | 86.3 | ||||||||||
Turonian | 89.8 | ||||||||||
Cenomanian | 93.9 | ||||||||||
Early Cretaceous | Albian | Gallic | 100.5 | ||||||||
Aptian | 113 | ||||||||||
Barremian | 121.4 | ||||||||||
Hauterivian | Neocomian | 125.77 | |||||||||
Valanginian | 132.6 | ||||||||||
Berriasian | 139.8 | ||||||||||
Jurassic | Late Jurassic | Tithonian | 145 | ||||||||
Kimmeridgian | 149.2 | ||||||||||
Oxfordian | 154.8 | ||||||||||
Middle Jurassic | Callovian | 161.5 | |||||||||
Bathonian | 165.3 | ||||||||||
Bajocian | 168.2 | ||||||||||
Aalenian | 170.9 | ||||||||||
Early Jurassic | Toarcian | 174.7 | |||||||||
Pliensbachian | 184.2 | ||||||||||
Sinemurian | 192.9 | ||||||||||
Hettangian | 199.5 | ||||||||||
Triassic | Late Triassic | Rhaetian | 201.4 | ||||||||
Norian | 208.5 | ||||||||||
Carnian | 227 | ||||||||||
Middle Triassic | Ladinian | 237 | |||||||||
Anisian | 242 | ||||||||||
Early Triassic | Olenekian | 247.2 | |||||||||
Induan | 251.2 | ||||||||||
Permian | Lopingian | Changhsingian | Dorashamian | 251.902 | |||||||
Wuchiapingian | Dzhulfian | 254.14 | |||||||||
Guadalupian | Capitanian | Midian | 259.51 | ||||||||
Wordian | 264.28 | ||||||||||
Murgabian | 266.2 * | ||||||||||
Roadian | 266.9 | ||||||||||
Cisuralian | Kungurian | Kubergandian | 273.01 | ||||||||
Bolorian | 279.8 | ||||||||||
Artinskian | 283.5 | ||||||||||
Yakhtashian | 286 | ||||||||||
Sakmarian | Sakmarian | 290.1 | |||||||||
Asselian | Asselian | 293.52 | |||||||||
Carboniferous | Pennsylvanian | Gzhelian | 298.9 | ||||||||
Kasimovian | 303.7 | ||||||||||
Moscovian | 307 | ||||||||||
Bashkirian | 315.2 | ||||||||||
Mississippian | Serpukhovian | 323.2 | |||||||||
Visean | 330.9 | ||||||||||
Tournaisian | 346.7 | ||||||||||
Devonian | Late Devonian | Famennian | Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden | 358.9 | |||||||
Frasnian | Adorf | 372.2 | |||||||||
Middle Devonian | Givetian | Givetian | 382.7 | ||||||||
Eifelian | Eifelian | 387.7 | |||||||||
Early Devonian | Emsian | Emsian | 393.3 | ||||||||
Pragian | Siegen | 407.6 | |||||||||
Lochkovian | Gedinnine | 410.8 | |||||||||
Silurian | Pridoli | 419.2 | |||||||||
Ludlow | Ludfordian | 423 | |||||||||
Gorstian | 425.6 | ||||||||||
Wenlock | Homerian | 427.4 | |||||||||
Sheinwoodian | 430.5 | ||||||||||
Llandovery | Telychian | 433.4 | |||||||||
Aeronian | 438.5 | ||||||||||
Rhuddanian | 440.8 | ||||||||||
Ordovician | Late Ordovician | Hirnantian | Bolindian | 443.8 | |||||||
Katian | 445.2 | ||||||||||
Eastonian | 449 * | ||||||||||
Gisbornian | 452 * | ||||||||||
Sandbian | 453 | ||||||||||
Middle Ordovician | Darriwilian | Darriwilian | 458.4 | ||||||||
Dapingian | Yapeenian | 467.3 | |||||||||
Castlemainian | 468.5 * | ||||||||||
Early Ordovician | Floian | Chewtonian | 470 | ||||||||
Bendigonian | 471.8 * | ||||||||||
Lancefieldian | 473.5 * | ||||||||||
Tremadocian | 477.7 | ||||||||||
Warendian | 482.8 * | ||||||||||
Cambrian | Furongian | Stage 10 | Niuchehean | Taoyuanian † | 485.4 | ||||||
Jiangshanian | Jiangshanian | 489.5 | |||||||||
Paibian | Paibian | 494 | |||||||||
Waergangian †/Youshuanian | 494.9 * | ||||||||||
Miaolingian | Guzhangian | Guzhangian | Wangcunian † | 497 | |||||||
Drumian | Drumian | 500.5 | |||||||||
Wuliuan | Wuliuan/Taijangian | 504.5 | |||||||||
Series 2 | Stage 4 | Duyunian | 509 | ||||||||
Stage 3 | Nangaoian | 514 | |||||||||
Terreneuvian | Stage 2 | Meishucunian | 521 | ||||||||
Fortunian | 529 | ||||||||||
Jinnigian | 530.7 | ||||||||||
538.8 |