PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126831 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China		Obsolete Names for ICS Units		Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Carboniferous of Western Europe
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan					Wanganui	Haweran			0
		Northgrippian									0.0042
		Greenlandian									0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene									0.0117
		Chibanian									0.129
		Chibanian						Castlecliffian			0.34
		Calabrian						Castlecliffian			0.774
		Calabrian						Nukumaruan			1.63
		Gelasian						Nukumaruan			1.8
		Gelasian						Mangapanian			2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian			Tertiary †			Mangapanian			2.58
		Piacenzian						Waipipian			3
		Zanclean						Waipipian			3.6
		Zanclean						Opoitian			3.7
	Miocene	Messinian					Taranaki	Kapitean			5.333
		Messinian						Tongaporutuan			7.2
		Tortonian						Tongaporutuan			7.246
		Tortonian					Southland	Waiauan			11.04
		Serravallian						Waiauan			11.63
		Serravallian						Lillburnian			13.05
		Langhian						Lillburnian			13.82
								Clifdenian			15.1
							Pareora	Altonian			15.9
		Burdigalian						Altonian			15.98
		Burdigalian						Otaian			18.7
		Aquitanian						Otaian			20.44
		Aquitanian					Landon	Waitakian			21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian						Waitakian			23.03
								Duntroonian			25.2
								Whaingaroan			27.3
		Rupelian									27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian									33.9
							Arnold	Runangan			34.6
								Kaiatan			36.7
		Bartonian						Kaiatan			37.71
		Bartonian						Bortonian			39.1
		Lutetian						Bortonian			41.2
							Dannevirke	Porangan			42.6
								Heretaungan			45.7
		Ypresian						Heretaungan			47.8
								Mangaorapan			48.9
								Waipawan			52
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Teurian			56
		Selandian									59.2
		Danian									61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian					Mata	Haumurian			66
		Campanian						Haumurian			72.1
		Santonian						Piripauan			83.6
		Santonian					Raukumara	Teratan			86.1
		Coniacian									86.3
		Turonian									89.8
								Mangaotanean			90.5
								Arowhanan			93.7
		Cenomanian						Arowhanan			93.9
							Clarence	Ngaterian			95.2
								Motuan			99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian						Motuan			100.5
								Urutawan			103.3
							Taitai	Korangan			108.4
		Aptian						Korangan			113
		Aptian									117.5
		Barremian									121.4
		Hauterivian									125.77
		Valanginian									132.6
		Berriasian	139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		145
		Kimmeridgian		149.2
		Oxfordian		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian		161.5
		Bathonian		165.3
		Bajocian		168.2
		Aalenian		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		174.7
		Pliensbachian		184.2
		Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				259.51
		Wordian				264.28
		Roadian				266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				273.01
		Artinskian				283.5
		Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian				293.52
		Asselian				Kuzel	297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				Kuzel	Mapingian †		298.9
						Stephanian			Stephanian C	300.3 *
									Stephanian B	300.9 *
									Stephanian A	301.4 *
		Kasimovian							Stephanian A	303.7
									Cantabrian	305 *
										305.9
		Moscovian								307
						Westphalian			Westphalian D	307.4 *
									Westphalian C	309.8
									Westphalian B	314.6
		Bashkirian							Westphalian B	315.2
									Westphalian A	317 *
						Namurian			Yeadonian	318.8 *
									Marsdenian	320.2 *
									Kinderscoutian	321.5 *
					Alportian				322 *
					Chokierian				323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Chokierian				323.2
					Arnsbergian				324 *
					Pendleian				327.4 *
		Visean			Warnantian	Brigantian †			330.9
					Livian	Asbian †			336.3 *
					Moliniacian	Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian			340.2 *
		Tournaisian			Ivorian				346.7
		Tournaisian			Hastarian				353.7 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian							372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian							382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian							387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian							393.3
		Pragian						407.6
		Lochkovian						410.8
											419.2