International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126762 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Carboniferous Subepochs | Carboniferous of Western Europe | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 297.7 | |||||||||||
| Carboniferous | Pennsylvanian | Gzhelian | Late Pennsylvanian | Kuzel | 298.9 | ||||||
| Stephanian | Stephanian C | 300.3 * | |||||||||
| Stephanian B | 300.9 * | ||||||||||
| Stephanian A | 301.4 * | ||||||||||
| Kasimovian | 303.7 | ||||||||||
| Cantabrian | 305 * | ||||||||||
| Moscovian | Middle Pennsylvanian | 307 | |||||||||
| Westphalian | Westphalian D | 307.4 * | |||||||||
| Westphalian C | 309.8 | ||||||||||
| Westphalian B | 314.6 | ||||||||||
| Bashkirian | Early Pennsylvanian | 315.2 | |||||||||
| Westphalian A | 317 * | ||||||||||
| Namurian | Yeadonian | 318.8 * | |||||||||
| Marsdenian | 320.2 * | ||||||||||
| Kinderscoutian | 321.5 * | ||||||||||
| Alportian | 322 * | ||||||||||
| Chokierian | 323.1 * | ||||||||||
| Mississippian | Serpukhovian | Late Mississippian | 323.2 | ||||||||
| Arnsbergian | 324 * | ||||||||||
| Pendleian | 327.4 * | ||||||||||
| Visean | Middle Mississippian | Warnantian | Brigantian † | 330.9 | |||||||
| Livian | Asbian † | 336.3 * | |||||||||
| Moliniacian | Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian | 340.2 * | |||||||||
| Tournaisian | Early Mississippian | Ivorian | 346.7 | ||||||||
| Hastarian | 353.7 * | ||||||||||
| 358.9 | |||||||||||