International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
- Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
- J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view
- A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
This timescale is used in the definition of 127258 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand | Ten Million Year Bins | North American Land Mammal Ages | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18.5 | |||||||||
| 21.7 | |||||||||
| Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | Landon | Waitakian | Cenozoic 4 | Arikareean | 23.03 | ||
| Duntroonian | 25.2 | ||||||||
| Whaingaroan | 27.3 | ||||||||
| Rupelian | 27.82 | ||||||||
| Whitneyan | 29.5 | ||||||||
| Orellan | 31.8 | ||||||||
| Eocene | Priabonian | Cenozoic 3 | Chadronian | 33.9 | |||||
| Arnold | Runangan | 34.6 | |||||||
| Kaiatan | 36.7 | ||||||||
| Duchesnean | 37 | ||||||||
| Bartonian | 37.71 | ||||||||
| Bortonian | 39.1 | ||||||||
| Uintan | 39.7 | ||||||||
| Lutetian | Cenozoic 2 | 41.2 | |||||||
| Dannevirke | Porangan | 42.6 | |||||||
| Heretaungan | 45.7 | ||||||||
| Bridgerian | 46.2 | ||||||||
| Ypresian | 47.8 | ||||||||
| Mangaorapan | 48.9 | ||||||||
| Wasatchian | 50.5 | ||||||||
| Waipawan | 52 | ||||||||
| Clarkforkian | 54.9 | ||||||||
| Paleocene | Thanetian | Teurian | Cenozoic 1 | 56 | |||||
| Tiffanian | 56.2 | ||||||||
| Selandian | 59.2 | ||||||||
| Torrejonian | 60.9 | ||||||||
| Danian | 61.6 | ||||||||
| Puercan | 63.8 | ||||||||
| 66 | |||||||||