International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
- A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 127258 collections
International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Ten Million Year Bins | North American Land Mammal Ages | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
18.5 | |||||||||
Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | Cenozoic 4 | Arikareean | 23.03 | ||||
Rupelian | 27.82 | ||||||||
Whitneyan | 29.5 | ||||||||
Orellan | 31.8 | ||||||||
Eocene | Priabonian | Cenozoic 3 | Chadronian | 33.9 | |||||
Duchesnean | 37 | ||||||||
Bartonian | 37.71 | ||||||||
Uintan | 39.7 | ||||||||
Lutetian | Cenozoic 2 | 41.2 | |||||||
Bridgerian | 46.2 | ||||||||
Ypresian | 47.8 | ||||||||
Wasatchian | 50.5 | ||||||||
Clarkforkian | 54.9 | ||||||||
Paleocene | Thanetian | Cenozoic 1 | 56 | ||||||
Tiffanian | 56.2 | ||||||||
Selandian | 59.2 | ||||||||
Torrejonian | 60.9 | ||||||||
Danian | 61.6 | ||||||||
Puercan | 63.8 | ||||||||
66 |