PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126701 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units	Ten Million Year Bins	Cenozoic Subepochs
						2.58
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Tertiary †	Cenozoic 4	Late Oligocene	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian		Cenozoic 4	Early Oligocene	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian		Cenozoic 3	Late Eocene	33.9
		Bartonian		Cenozoic 3	Middle Eocene	37.71
		Lutetian		Cenozoic 2	Middle Eocene	41.2
		Ypresian		Cenozoic 2	Early Eocene	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian		Cenozoic 1	Late Paleocene	56
		Selandian			Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Danian			Early Paleocene	61.6
						66