PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126662 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Cenozoic Subepochs
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				0
		Northgrippian				0.0042
		Greenlandian				0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene			Late Pleistocene	0.0117
		Chibanian			Middle Pleistocene	0.129
		Calabrian			Early Pleistocene	0.774
		Gelasian			Early Pleistocene	1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian			Late Pliocene	2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean			Early Pliocene	3.6
	Miocene	Messinian			Late Miocene	5.333
		Tortonian			Late Miocene	7.246
		Serravallian			Middle Miocene	11.63
		Langhian			Middle Miocene	13.82
		Burdigalian			Early Miocene	15.98
		Aquitanian			Early Miocene	20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian	Late Oligocene	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian	Kekeamuan	Hsandagolian	Early Oligocene	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian		Late Eocene	33.9
		Bartonian	Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan		Middle Eocene	37.71
		Lutetian			Middle Eocene	41.2
		Ypresian		Bumbanian	Early Eocene	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Gashatan		Late Paleocene	56
		Selandian			Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Danian			Early Paleocene	61.6
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