International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
- J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
- M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
- F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126162 collections
International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Ten Million Year Bins | Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe | Central Paratethys Stages | European Faunal Units | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | Cenozoic 6 | 0 | ||||||
Northgrippian | 0.0042 | |||||||||
Greenlandian | 0.0082 | |||||||||
Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | 0.0117 | ||||||||
Chibanian | 0.129 | |||||||||
Calabrian | 0.774 | |||||||||
Gelasian | 1.8 | |||||||||
Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | Villanyian | 2.58 | ||||||
Ruscinian | 3.1 * | |||||||||
Zanclean | 3.6 | |||||||||
Miocene | Messinian | Turolian | 5.333 | |||||||
Tortonian | Pannonian | 7.246 | ||||||||
Vallesian | 8.7 | |||||||||
Serravallian | Cenozoic 5 | Sarmatian | Astaracian | 11.63 | ||||||
Badenian | 12.8 * | |||||||||
Langhian | 13.82 | |||||||||
Burdigalian | Orleanian | 15.98 | ||||||||
Agenian | 20 | |||||||||
Aquitanian | 20.44 | |||||||||
Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | Cenozoic 4 | 23.03 | ||||||
Rupelian | 27.82 | |||||||||
Eocene | Priabonian | Cenozoic 3 | 33.9 | |||||||
Bartonian | 37.71 | |||||||||
Lutetian | Cenozoic 2 | 41.2 | ||||||||
Ypresian | 47.8 | |||||||||
Paleocene | Thanetian | Cenozoic 1 | 56 | |||||||
Selandian | 59.2 | |||||||||
Danian | 61.6 | |||||||||
Cretaceous | Late Cretaceous | Maastrichtian | Cretaceous 8 | 66 | ||||||
Campanian | Cretaceous 7 | 72.1 | ||||||||
Santonian | Cretaceous 6 | 83.6 | ||||||||
Coniacian | 86.3 | |||||||||
Turonian | 89.8 | |||||||||
Cenomanian | Cretaceous 5 | 93.9 | ||||||||
Early Cretaceous | Albian | Cretaceous 4 | 100.5 | |||||||
Aptian | Cretaceous 3 | 113 | ||||||||
Barremian | Cretaceous 2 | 121.4 | ||||||||
Hauterivian | 125.77 | |||||||||
Valanginian | Cretaceous 1 | 132.6 | ||||||||
Berriasian | 139.8 | |||||||||
Jurassic | Late Jurassic | Tithonian | Jurassic 6 | 145 | ||||||
Kimmeridgian | Jurassic 5 | 149.2 | ||||||||
Oxfordian | 154.8 | |||||||||
Middle Jurassic | Callovian | 161.5 | ||||||||
Bathonian | Jurassic 4 | 165.3 | ||||||||
Bajocian | Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites | 168.2 | ||||||||
Humphresianum | 168.4 | |||||||||
Aalenian | Jurassic 3 | Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum | 170.9 | |||||||
Early Jurassic | Toarcian | Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons | Thouarsense | 174.7 | ||||||
180.1 | ||||||||||
Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum | 182 | |||||||||
Pliensbachian | Jurassic 2 | Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni | 184.2 | |||||||
Sinemurian | Jurassic 1 | Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi | 192.9 | |||||||
Hettangian | Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis | 199.5 | ||||||||
Triassic | Late Triassic | Rhaetian | Triassic 4 | 201.4 | ||||||
Norian | 208.5 | |||||||||
Carnian | Triassic 3 | 227 | ||||||||
Middle Triassic | Ladinian | Triassic 2 | 237 | |||||||
Anisian | 242 | |||||||||
Early Triassic | Olenekian | Triassic 1 | 247.2 | |||||||
Induan | 251.2 | |||||||||
251.902 |