International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
- A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126162 collections
International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Ammonite Chrons of North America | Cenozoic Subepochs | Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe | Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | 0 | ||||||||||
Northgrippian | 0.0042 | ||||||||||||
Greenlandian | 0.0082 | ||||||||||||
Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | 0.0117 | ||||||||||
Chibanian | Middle Pleistocene | 0.129 | |||||||||||
Calabrian | Early Pleistocene | 0.774 | |||||||||||
Gelasian | 1.8 | ||||||||||||
Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | Late Pliocene | 2.58 | |||||||||
Zanclean | Early Pliocene | 3.6 | |||||||||||
Miocene | Messinian | Late Miocene | 5.333 | ||||||||||
Tortonian | 7.246 | ||||||||||||
Serravallian | Middle Miocene | 11.63 | |||||||||||
Langhian | 13.82 | ||||||||||||
Burdigalian | Early Miocene | 15.98 | |||||||||||
Aquitanian | 20.44 | ||||||||||||
Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | Late Oligocene | 23.03 | |||||||||
Rupelian | Early Oligocene | 27.82 | |||||||||||
Eocene | Priabonian | Late Eocene | 33.9 | ||||||||||
Bartonian | Middle Eocene | 37.71 | |||||||||||
Lutetian | 41.2 | ||||||||||||
Ypresian | Early Eocene | 47.8 | |||||||||||
Paleocene | Thanetian | Late Paleocene | 56 | ||||||||||
Selandian | Middle Paleocene | 59.2 | |||||||||||
Danian | Early Paleocene | 61.6 | |||||||||||
Cretaceous | Late Cretaceous | Maastrichtian | 66 | ||||||||||
Campanian | 72.1 | ||||||||||||
Santonian | 83.6 | ||||||||||||
Coniacian | 86.3 | ||||||||||||
Turonian | 89.8 | ||||||||||||
Cenomanian | 93.9 | ||||||||||||
Early Cretaceous | Albian | 100.5 | |||||||||||
Aptian | 113 | ||||||||||||
Barremian | 121.4 | ||||||||||||
Hauterivian | 125.77 | ||||||||||||
Valanginian | 132.6 | ||||||||||||
Berriasian | 139.8 | ||||||||||||
Jurassic | Late Jurassic | Tithonian | 145 | ||||||||||
Kimmeridgian | 149.2 | ||||||||||||
Oxfordian | 154.8 | ||||||||||||
Middle Jurassic | Callovian | 161.5 | |||||||||||
Bathonian | 165.3 | ||||||||||||
Bajocian | Epizigzagiceras | Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites | 168.2 | ||||||||||
Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense | Humphresianum | 168.4 | |||||||||||
Aalenian | Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni | Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum | 170.9 | ||||||||||
Early Jurassic | Toarcian | Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta | Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons | Thouarsense | 174.7 | ||||||||
Planulata | 179.3 * | ||||||||||||
Arnioceras arnouldi | 179.8 * | ||||||||||||
180.1 | |||||||||||||
Kanense | 181.3 * | ||||||||||||
Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum | 182 | ||||||||||||
Carlottense | 182.3 * | ||||||||||||
Kunae | 183.5 * | ||||||||||||
Pliensbachian | Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni | 184.2 | |||||||||||
Freboldi | 185.1 * | ||||||||||||
Whiteavesi/Imlayi | Tetraspidoceras | 186.2 * | |||||||||||
189.2 * | |||||||||||||
Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras | Canadensis | 190.3 * | |||||||||||
Sinemurian | Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi | 192.9 | |||||||||||
Pseudaetomoceras | Psiloceras | 196.4 * | |||||||||||
Franziceras/Euphyllites | 196.5 * | ||||||||||||
Hettangian | Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis | 199.5 | |||||||||||
Triassic | Late Triassic | Rhaetian | 201.4 | ||||||||||
Norian | 208.5 | ||||||||||||
Carnian | 227 | ||||||||||||
Middle Triassic | Ladinian | 237 | |||||||||||
Anisian | 242 | ||||||||||||
Early Triassic | Olenekian | Vokhmian | 247.2 | ||||||||||
Induan | 251.2 | ||||||||||||
251.902 |