International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
- M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126163 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Mesozoic Subages | Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe | Central Paratethys Stages | Ten Million Year Bins | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | Cenozoic 6 | 0 | ||||||
| Northgrippian | 0.0042 | |||||||||
| Greenlandian | 0.0082 | |||||||||
| Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | 0.0117 | ||||||||
| Chibanian | 0.129 | |||||||||
| Calabrian | 0.774 | |||||||||
| Gelasian | 1.8 | |||||||||
| Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | 2.58 | |||||||
| Zanclean | 3.6 | |||||||||
| Miocene | Messinian | 5.333 | ||||||||
| Tortonian | Pannonian | 7.246 | ||||||||
| Serravallian | Sarmatian | Cenozoic 5 | 11.63 | |||||||
| Badenian | 12.8 * | |||||||||
| Langhian | 13.82 | |||||||||
| Burdigalian | 15.98 | |||||||||
| Aquitanian | 20.44 | |||||||||
| Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | Cenozoic 4 | 23.03 | ||||||
| Rupelian | 27.82 | |||||||||
| Eocene | Priabonian | Cenozoic 3 | 33.9 | |||||||
| Bartonian | 37.71 | |||||||||
| Lutetian | Cenozoic 2 | 41.2 | ||||||||
| Ypresian | 47.8 | |||||||||
| Paleocene | Thanetian | Cenozoic 1 | 56 | |||||||
| Selandian | 59.2 | |||||||||
| Danian | 61.6 | |||||||||
| Cretaceous | Late Cretaceous | Maastrichtian | Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian | Cretaceous 8 | 66 | |||||
| Campanian | Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian | Cretaceous 7 | 72.1 | |||||||
| Santonian | Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian | Cretaceous 6 | 83.6 | |||||||
| Coniacian | Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian | 86.3 | ||||||||
| Turonian | Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian | 89.8 | ||||||||
| Cenomanian | Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian | Cretaceous 5 | 93.9 | |||||||
| Early Cretaceous | Albian | Late Albian | Cretaceous 4 | 100.5 | ||||||
| Middle Albian | 106.2 * | |||||||||
| Early Albian | 109.9 * | |||||||||
| Aptian | Late Aptian | Cretaceous 3 | 113 | |||||||
| Early Aptian | 119.5 * | |||||||||
| Barremian | Late Barremian/Early Barremian | Cretaceous 2 | 121.4 | |||||||
| Hauterivian | Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian | 125.77 | ||||||||
| Valanginian | Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian | Cretaceous 1 | 132.6 | |||||||
| Berriasian | Late Berriasian | 139.8 | ||||||||
| Middle Berriasian | 140.6 * | |||||||||
| Early Berriasian | 142.7 * | |||||||||
| Jurassic | Late Jurassic | Tithonian | Late Tithonian | Middle Tithonian | Jurassic 6 | 145 | ||||
| Early Tithonian | 146.3 * | |||||||||
| Kimmeridgian | Late Kimmeridgian | Jurassic 5 | 149.2 | |||||||
| Early Kimmeridgian | 152.2 * | |||||||||
| Oxfordian | Late Oxfordian | Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian | 154.8 | |||||||
| 157.9 * | ||||||||||
| Middle Jurassic | Callovian | Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian | 161.5 | |||||||
| Bathonian | Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian | Jurassic 4 | 165.3 | |||||||
| Bajocian | Late Bajocian | Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites | 168.2 | |||||||
| Humphresianum | 168.4 | |||||||||
| Early Bajocian | 168.6 * | |||||||||
| Aalenian | Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian | Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum | Jurassic 3 | 170.9 | ||||||
| Early Jurassic | Toarcian | Late Toarcian | Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons | Thouarsense | 174.7 | |||||
| 180.1 | ||||||||||
| Middle Toarcian | 180.4 * | |||||||||
| Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum | 182 | |||||||||
| Early Toarcian | 182.9 * | |||||||||
| Pliensbachian | Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian | Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni | Jurassic 2 | 184.2 | ||||||
| Sinemurian | Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian | Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi | Jurassic 1 | 192.9 | ||||||
| Hettangian | Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian | Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis | 199.5 | |||||||
| Triassic | Late Triassic | Rhaetian | Triassic 4 | 201.4 | ||||||
| Norian | Sevatian | 208.5 | ||||||||
| Alaunian | 213.2 * | |||||||||
| Lacian | 216.7 * | |||||||||
| Carnian | Tuvalian | Triassic 3 | 227 | |||||||
| Julian | 233.4 * | |||||||||
| Middle Triassic | Ladinian | Longobardian | Triassic 2 | 237 | ||||||
| Fassanian | 239.7 * | |||||||||
| Anisian | Illyrian | 242 | ||||||||
| Pelsonian | 243.8 * | |||||||||
| Bithynian | 244.7 * | |||||||||
| Aegean | 245.5 * | |||||||||
| Early Triassic | Olenekian | Spathian | Triassic 1 | 247.2 | ||||||
| Smithian | 248.9 * | |||||||||
| Induan | Dienerian | 251.2 | ||||||||
| Griesbachian | 251.4 * | |||||||||
| 251.902 | ||||||||||