International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
- M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
- J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
- B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
- F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
- J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
- M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126161 collections
International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Mesozoic Subages | Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jurassic | Late Jurassic | Tithonian | Late Tithonian | Middle Tithonian | 145 | |||||||||
Early Tithonian | 146.3 * | |||||||||||||
Kimmeridgian | Late Kimmeridgian | 149.2 | ||||||||||||
Early Kimmeridgian | 152.2 * | |||||||||||||
Oxfordian | Late Oxfordian | Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian | 154.8 | |||||||||||
157.9 * | ||||||||||||||
Middle Jurassic | Callovian | Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian | 161.5 | |||||||||||
Bathonian | Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian | 165.3 | ||||||||||||
Bajocian | Late Bajocian | Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites | 168.2 | |||||||||||
Humphresianum | 168.4 | |||||||||||||
Early Bajocian | 168.6 * | |||||||||||||
Aalenian | Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian | Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum | 170.9 | |||||||||||
Early Jurassic | Toarcian | Late Toarcian | Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons | Thouarsense | 174.7 | |||||||||
180.1 | ||||||||||||||
Middle Toarcian | 180.4 * | |||||||||||||
Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum | 182 | |||||||||||||
Early Toarcian | 182.9 * | |||||||||||||
Pliensbachian | Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian | Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni | 184.2 | |||||||||||
Sinemurian | Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian | Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi | 192.9 | |||||||||||
Hettangian | Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian | Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis | 199.5 | |||||||||||
201.4 |