International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
- J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126197 collections
International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Cenozoic Subepochs | Cretaceous Subepochs | Mammal Paleogene Zones | Permian of the Salt Range | Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | 0 | ||||||||||||
Northgrippian | 0.0042 | ||||||||||||||
Greenlandian | 0.0082 | ||||||||||||||
Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | 0.0117 | ||||||||||||
Chibanian | Middle Pleistocene | 0.129 | |||||||||||||
Calabrian | Early Pleistocene | 0.774 | |||||||||||||
Gelasian | 1.8 | ||||||||||||||
Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | Late Pliocene | 2.58 | |||||||||||
Zanclean | Early Pliocene | 3.6 | |||||||||||||
Miocene | Messinian | Late Miocene | 5.333 | ||||||||||||
Tortonian | 7.246 | ||||||||||||||
Serravallian | Middle Miocene | 11.63 | |||||||||||||
Langhian | 13.82 | ||||||||||||||
Burdigalian | Early Miocene | 15.98 | |||||||||||||
Aquitanian | 20.44 | ||||||||||||||
Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | Late Oligocene | MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26 | MP 25 | 23.03 | |||||||||
Rupelian | Early Oligocene | MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21 | 27.82 | ||||||||||||
Eocene | Priabonian | Late Eocene | MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A | 33.9 | |||||||||||
Bartonian | Middle Eocene | MP 16 | 37.71 | ||||||||||||
Lutetian | MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11 | 41.2 | |||||||||||||
Ypresian | Early Eocene | MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7 | 47.8 | ||||||||||||
Paleocene | Thanetian | Late Paleocene | MP 6 | MP 1 - 5 | 56 | ||||||||||
Selandian | Middle Paleocene | 59.2 | |||||||||||||
Danian | Early Paleocene | 61.6 | |||||||||||||
Cretaceous | Late Cretaceous | Maastrichtian | Senonian | 66 | |||||||||||
Campanian | 72.1 | ||||||||||||||
Santonian | 83.6 | ||||||||||||||
Coniacian | 86.3 | ||||||||||||||
Turonian | 89.8 | ||||||||||||||
Cenomanian | 93.9 | ||||||||||||||
Early Cretaceous | Albian | Gallic | 100.5 | ||||||||||||
Aptian | 113 | ||||||||||||||
Barremian | 121.4 | ||||||||||||||
Hauterivian | Neocomian | 125.77 | |||||||||||||
Valanginian | 132.6 | ||||||||||||||
Berriasian | 139.8 | ||||||||||||||
Jurassic | Late Jurassic | Tithonian | 145 | ||||||||||||
Kimmeridgian | 149.2 | ||||||||||||||
Oxfordian | 154.8 | ||||||||||||||
Middle Jurassic | Callovian | 161.5 | |||||||||||||
Bathonian | 165.3 | ||||||||||||||
Bajocian | Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites | 168.2 | |||||||||||||
Humphresianum | 168.4 | ||||||||||||||
Aalenian | Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum | 170.9 | |||||||||||||
Early Jurassic | Toarcian | Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons | Thouarsense | 174.7 | |||||||||||
180.1 | |||||||||||||||
Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum | 182 | ||||||||||||||
Pliensbachian | Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni | 184.2 | |||||||||||||
Sinemurian | Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi | 192.9 | |||||||||||||
Hettangian | Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis | 199.5 | |||||||||||||
Triassic | Late Triassic | Rhaetian | 201.4 | ||||||||||||
Norian | 208.5 | ||||||||||||||
Carnian | 227 | ||||||||||||||
Middle Triassic | Ladinian | 237 | |||||||||||||
Anisian | 242 | ||||||||||||||
Early Triassic | Olenekian | 247.2 | |||||||||||||
Induan | 251.2 | ||||||||||||||
Kathwai | 251.5 * | ||||||||||||||
251.902 * | |||||||||||||||
252.4 |