International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
- F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126161 collections
International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe | European Faunal Zones | Permian of the Salt Range | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | 0 | |||||
Northgrippian | 0.0042 | |||||||
Greenlandian | 0.0082 | |||||||
Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | 0.0117 | ||||||
Chibanian | 0.129 | |||||||
Calabrian | 0.774 | |||||||
Gelasian | MN 17 | 1.8 | ||||||
Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | MN 16 | 2.58 | ||||
MN 15 | 3.2 | |||||||
Zanclean | 3.6 | |||||||
MN 14 | 4.2 | |||||||
MN 13 | 4.9 | |||||||
Miocene | Messinian | 5.333 | ||||||
Tortonian | MN 12 | 7.246 | ||||||
MN 11 | 7.75 | |||||||
MN 10 | 8.7 | |||||||
MN 9 | 9.7 | |||||||
MN 7 + 8 | 11.1 | |||||||
Serravallian | 11.63 | |||||||
MN 6 | 12.8 * | |||||||
Langhian | MN 5 | 13.82 | ||||||
Burdigalian | MN 4 | 15.98 | ||||||
MN 3 | 16.9 | |||||||
MN 2 | 20 | |||||||
Aquitanian | 20.44 | |||||||
MN 1 | 22.4 | |||||||
Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | 23.03 | |||||
Rupelian | 27.82 | |||||||
Eocene | Priabonian | 33.9 | ||||||
Bartonian | 37.71 | |||||||
Lutetian | 41.2 | |||||||
Ypresian | 47.8 | |||||||
Paleocene | Thanetian | 56 | ||||||
Selandian | 59.2 | |||||||
Danian | 61.6 | |||||||
Cretaceous | Late Cretaceous | Maastrichtian | 66 | |||||
Campanian | 72.1 | |||||||
Santonian | 83.6 | |||||||
Coniacian | 86.3 | |||||||
Turonian | 89.8 | |||||||
Cenomanian | 93.9 | |||||||
Early Cretaceous | Albian | 100.5 | ||||||
Aptian | 113 | |||||||
Barremian | 121.4 | |||||||
Hauterivian | 125.77 | |||||||
Valanginian | 132.6 | |||||||
Berriasian | 139.8 | |||||||
Jurassic | Late Jurassic | Tithonian | 145 | |||||
Kimmeridgian | 149.2 | |||||||
Oxfordian | 154.8 | |||||||
Middle Jurassic | Callovian | 161.5 | ||||||
Bathonian | 165.3 | |||||||
Bajocian | Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites | 168.2 | ||||||
Humphresianum | 168.4 | |||||||
Aalenian | Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum | 170.9 | ||||||
Early Jurassic | Toarcian | Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons | Thouarsense | 174.7 | ||||
180.1 | ||||||||
Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum | 182 | |||||||
Pliensbachian | Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni | 184.2 | ||||||
Sinemurian | Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi | 192.9 | ||||||
Hettangian | Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis | 199.5 | ||||||
Triassic | Late Triassic | Rhaetian | 201.4 | |||||
Norian | 208.5 | |||||||
Carnian | 227 | |||||||
Middle Triassic | Ladinian | 237 | ||||||
Anisian | 242 | |||||||
Early Triassic | Olenekian | 247.2 | ||||||
Induan | 251.2 | |||||||
Kathwai | 251.5 * | |||||||
251.902 * | ||||||||
252.4 |