International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
- J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 127093 collections
International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Carboniferous of Western Europe | Carboniferous of China | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
297.7 | |||||||||||
Carboniferous | Pennsylvanian | Gzhelian | Kuzel | 298.9 | |||||||
Xiaodushanian | 300 * | ||||||||||
Stephanian | Stephanian C | 300.3 * | |||||||||
Stephanian B | 300.9 * | ||||||||||
Stephanian A | 301.4 * | ||||||||||
Kasimovian | 303.7 | ||||||||||
Cantabrian | 305 * | ||||||||||
Dalaun | 305.8 * | ||||||||||
Moscovian | 307 | ||||||||||
Westphalian | Westphalian D | 307.4 * | |||||||||
Westphalian C | 309.8 | ||||||||||
Westphalian B | 314.6 | ||||||||||
Bashkirian | 315.2 | ||||||||||
Westphalian A | 317 * | ||||||||||
Huashibanian | 318.5 * | ||||||||||
Namurian | Yeadonian | 318.8 * | |||||||||
Marsdenian | 320.2 * | ||||||||||
Lousuan | 321.2 * | ||||||||||
Kinderscoutian | 321.5 * | ||||||||||
Alportian | 322 * | ||||||||||
Chokierian | 323.1 * | ||||||||||
Mississippian | Serpukhovian | Dewunian | 323.2 | ||||||||
Arnsbergian | 324 * | ||||||||||
Pendleian | 327.4 * | ||||||||||
Shangsian | 330.8 * | ||||||||||
Visean | Warnantian | Brigantian † | 330.9 | ||||||||
Jiusian | 335 * | ||||||||||
Livian | Asbian † | 336.3 * | |||||||||
Moliniacian | Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian | 340.2 * | |||||||||
Tournaisian | Ivorian | Tangbagouan | 346.7 | ||||||||
Hastarian | 353.7 * | ||||||||||
358.9 |