International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- P. L. Gibbard, M. J. Head, and M. J. C. Walker. 2010. Formal ratification of the Quaternary System/Period and the Pleistocene Series/Epoch with a base at 2.58 Ma. Journal of Quaternary Science 25(2):96-102 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126701 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Cenozoic Subepochs of Southern Europe | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | 0 | |||
| Northgrippian | 0.0042 | |||||
| Greenlandian | 0.0082 | |||||
| Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | Tarantian | 0.0117 | |||
| Chibanian | Ionian | 0.129 | ||||
| Calabrian | 0.774 | |||||
| Gelasian | 1.8 | |||||
| 2.58 | ||||||