International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- P. L. Gibbard, M. J. Head, and M. J. C. Walker. 2010. Formal ratification of the Quaternary System/Period and the Pleistocene Series/Epoch with a base at 2.58 Ma. Journal of Quaternary Science 25(2):96-102 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126701 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Cenozoic Subepochs of Southern Europe | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | 0 | ||
| Northgrippian | 0.0042 | ||||
| Greenlandian | 0.0082 | ||||
| Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | Tarantian | 0.0117 | ||
| Chibanian | Ionian | 0.129 | |||
| Calabrian | 0.774 | ||||
| Gelasian | 1.8 | ||||
| Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | 2.58 | ||
| Zanclean | 3.6 | ||||
| Miocene | Messinian | 5.333 | |||
| Tortonian | 7.246 | ||||
| Serravallian | 11.63 | ||||
| Langhian | 13.82 | ||||
| Burdigalian | 15.98 | ||||
| Aquitanian | 20.44 | ||||
| Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | 23.03 | ||
| Rupelian | 27.82 | ||||
| Eocene | Priabonian | 33.9 | |||
| Bartonian | 37.71 | ||||
| Lutetian | 41.2 | ||||
| Ypresian | 47.8 | ||||
| Paleocene | Thanetian | 56 | |||
| Selandian | 59.2 | ||||
| Danian | 61.6 | ||||
| 66 | |||||