International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
- J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
- P. L. Gibbard, M. J. Head, and M. J. C. Walker. 2010. Formal ratification of the Quaternary System/Period and the Pleistocene Series/Epoch with a base at 2.58 Ma. Journal of Quaternary Science 25(2):96-102 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126197 collections
International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand | Cenozoic Subepochs | Ten Million Year Bins | Cenozoic Subepochs of Southern Europe | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | Wanganui | Haweran | Cenozoic 6 | 0 | ||||||||
Northgrippian | 0.0042 | |||||||||||||
Greenlandian | 0.0082 | |||||||||||||
Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | Tarantian | 0.0117 | ||||||||||
Chibanian | Middle Pleistocene | Ionian | 0.129 | |||||||||||
Castlecliffian | 0.34 | |||||||||||||
Calabrian | Early Pleistocene | 0.774 | ||||||||||||
Nukumaruan | 1.63 | |||||||||||||
Gelasian | 1.8 | |||||||||||||
Mangapanian | 2.4 | |||||||||||||
Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | Late Pliocene | 2.58 | ||||||||||
Waipipian | 3 | |||||||||||||
Zanclean | Early Pliocene | 3.6 | ||||||||||||
Opoitian | 3.7 | |||||||||||||
Miocene | Messinian | Taranaki | Kapitean | Late Miocene | 5.333 | |||||||||
Tongaporutuan | 7.2 | |||||||||||||
Tortonian | 7.246 | |||||||||||||
Southland | Waiauan | 11.04 | ||||||||||||
Serravallian | Middle Miocene | Cenozoic 5 | 11.63 | |||||||||||
Lillburnian | 13.05 | |||||||||||||
Langhian | 13.82 | |||||||||||||
Clifdenian | 15.1 | |||||||||||||
Pareora | Altonian | 15.9 | ||||||||||||
Burdigalian | Early Miocene | 15.98 | ||||||||||||
Otaian | 18.7 | |||||||||||||
Aquitanian | 20.44 | |||||||||||||
Landon | Waitakian | 21.7 | ||||||||||||
Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | Late Oligocene | Cenozoic 4 | 23.03 | |||||||||
Duntroonian | 25.2 | |||||||||||||
Whaingaroan | 27.3 | |||||||||||||
Rupelian | Early Oligocene | 27.82 | ||||||||||||
Eocene | Priabonian | Late Eocene | Cenozoic 3 | 33.9 | ||||||||||
Arnold | Runangan | 34.6 | ||||||||||||
Kaiatan | 36.7 | |||||||||||||
Bartonian | Middle Eocene | 37.71 | ||||||||||||
Bortonian | 39.1 | |||||||||||||
Lutetian | Cenozoic 2 | 41.2 | ||||||||||||
Dannevirke | Porangan | 42.6 | ||||||||||||
Heretaungan | 45.7 | |||||||||||||
Ypresian | Early Eocene | 47.8 | ||||||||||||
Mangaorapan | 48.9 | |||||||||||||
Waipawan | 52 | |||||||||||||
Paleocene | Thanetian | Teurian | Late Paleocene | Cenozoic 1 | 56 | |||||||||
Selandian | Middle Paleocene | 59.2 | ||||||||||||
Danian | Early Paleocene | 61.6 | ||||||||||||
66 |