International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
- P. L. Gibbard, M. J. Head, and M. J. C. Walker. 2010. Formal ratification of the Quaternary System/Period and the Pleistocene Series/Epoch with a base at 2.58 Ma. Journal of Quaternary Science 25(2):96-102 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
This timescale is used in the definition of 126324 collections
International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Cenozoic Subepochs | Cenozoic Subepochs of Southern Europe | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | 0 | ||||
Northgrippian | 0.0042 | ||||||
Greenlandian | 0.0082 | ||||||
Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | Tarantian | 0.0117 | |||
Chibanian | Middle Pleistocene | Ionian | 0.129 | ||||
Calabrian | Early Pleistocene | 0.774 | |||||
Gelasian | 1.8 | ||||||
Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | Late Pliocene | 2.58 | |||
Zanclean | Early Pliocene | 3.6 | |||||
Miocene | Messinian | Late Miocene | 5.333 | ||||
Tortonian | 7.246 | ||||||
Serravallian | Middle Miocene | 11.63 | |||||
Langhian | 13.82 | ||||||
Burdigalian | Early Miocene | 15.98 | |||||
Aquitanian | 20.44 | ||||||
Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | Late Oligocene | 23.03 | |||
Rupelian | Early Oligocene | 27.82 | |||||
Eocene | Priabonian | Late Eocene | 33.9 | ||||
Bartonian | Middle Eocene | 37.71 | |||||
Lutetian | 41.2 | ||||||
Ypresian | Early Eocene | 47.8 | |||||
Paleocene | Thanetian | Late Paleocene | 56 | ||||
Selandian | Middle Paleocene | 59.2 | |||||
Danian | Early Paleocene | 61.6 | |||||
66 |