International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
- J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- P. L. Gibbard, M. J. Head, and M. J. C. Walker. 2010. Formal ratification of the Quaternary System/Period and the Pleistocene Series/Epoch with a base at 2.58 Ma. Journal of Quaternary Science 25(2):96-102 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126700 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Neogene Mammal Ages of China | Cenozoic Subepochs of Southern Europe | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | 0 | ||||
| Northgrippian | 0.0042 | ||||||
| Greenlandian | 0.0082 | ||||||
| Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | Nihewanian | Tarantian | 0.0117 | |||
| Chibanian | Ionian | 0.129 | |||||
| Calabrian | 0.774 | ||||||
| Gelasian | 1.8 | ||||||
| 2.58 | |||||||