International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

  • K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
  • W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
  • F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
  • J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
  • J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

This timescale is used in the definition of 126610 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic TimescaleCenozoic SubepochsCretaceous-Cenozoic of New ZealandPaleogene Mammal Ages of Asia
21.7
PaleogeneOligoceneChattianLate OligoceneLandonWaitakianTabenbulakianHsandagolian23.03
Duntroonian25.2
Whaingaroan27.3
RupelianEarly OligoceneKekeamuan27.82
EocenePriabonianLate EoceneHouldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian33.9
ArnoldRunangan34.6
Kaiatan36.7
BartonianMiddle EoceneSharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan37.71
Bortonian39.1
Lutetian41.2
DannevirkePorangan42.6
Heretaungan45.7
YpresianEarly EoceneBumbanian47.8
Mangaorapan48.9
Waipawan52
PaleoceneThanetianLate PaleoceneTeurianGashatan56
SelandianMiddle Paleocene59.2
DanianEarly Paleocene61.6
66