PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126610 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Mammal Paleogene Zones		Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		North American Mammal Subages/Zones
										18.5
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26	MP 25	Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian	late Late Arikareean/early Late Arikareean/late Early Arikareean/early Early Arikareean	Harrisonian		23.03
								Monroecreekian		23.1 *
								Geringian		24.7 *
		Rupelian	MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21		Kekeamuan			Geringian		27.82
		Rupelian	MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21		Kekeamuan					29.5
	Eocene	Priabonian	MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A		Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian		Late Chadronian/Middle Chadronian/Early Chadronian			33.9
		Priabonian	MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A		Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian					37
		Bartonian	MP 16		Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan					37.71
		Bartonian	MP 16				Late Uintan/Early Uintan			39.7
		Lutetian	MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11				Late Uintan/Early Uintan			41.2
		Lutetian	MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11				Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian			46.2
		Ypresian	MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7			Bumbanian	Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian			47.8
							Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean			50.5
									Cf3/Cf2/Cf1	54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian	MP 6	MP 1 - 5	Gashatan				Cf3/Cf2/Cf1	56
		Thanetian	MP 6		Gashatan				Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1	56.2
		Selandian							Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1	59.2
		Selandian							To3/To2/To1	60.9
		Danian							To3/To2/To1	61.6
		Danian							Pu3/Pu2/Pu1	63.8
										66