International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
- A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
- J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126710 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand | North American Land Mammal Ages | Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18.5 | ||||||||||
| 21.7 | ||||||||||
| Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | Landon | Waitakian | Arikareean | Tabenbulakian | Hsandagolian | 23.03 | ||
| Duntroonian | 25.2 | |||||||||
| Whaingaroan | 27.3 | |||||||||
| Rupelian | Kekeamuan | 27.82 | ||||||||
| Whitneyan | 29.5 | |||||||||
| Orellan | 31.8 | |||||||||
| Eocene | Priabonian | Chadronian | Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian | 33.9 | ||||||
| Arnold | Runangan | 34.6 | ||||||||
| Kaiatan | 36.7 | |||||||||
| Duchesnean | 37 | |||||||||
| Bartonian | Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan | 37.71 | ||||||||
| Bortonian | 39.1 | |||||||||
| Uintan | 39.7 | |||||||||
| Lutetian | 41.2 | |||||||||
| Dannevirke | Porangan | 42.6 | ||||||||
| Heretaungan | 45.7 | |||||||||
| Bridgerian | 46.2 | |||||||||
| Ypresian | Bumbanian | 47.8 | ||||||||
| Mangaorapan | 48.9 | |||||||||
| Wasatchian | 50.5 | |||||||||
| Waipawan | 52 | |||||||||
| Clarkforkian | 54.9 | |||||||||
| Paleocene | Thanetian | Teurian | Gashatan | 56 | ||||||
| Tiffanian | 56.2 | |||||||||
| Selandian | 59.2 | |||||||||
| Torrejonian | 60.9 | |||||||||
| Danian | 61.6 | |||||||||
| Puercan | 63.8 | |||||||||
| 66 | ||||||||||