International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
- J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126520 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Cenozoic Subepochs | Ten Million Year Bins | European Faunal Units | Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | Cenozoic 6 | 0 | ||||||
| Northgrippian | 0.0042 | |||||||||
| Greenlandian | 0.0082 | |||||||||
| Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | 0.0117 | |||||||
| Chibanian | Middle Pleistocene | 0.129 | ||||||||
| Calabrian | Early Pleistocene | 0.774 | ||||||||
| Gelasian | 1.8 | |||||||||
| Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | Late Pliocene | Villanyian | 2.58 | |||||
| Ruscinian | 3.1 * | |||||||||
| Zanclean | Early Pliocene | 3.6 | ||||||||
| Miocene | Messinian | Late Miocene | Turolian | 5.333 | ||||||
| Tortonian | 7.246 | |||||||||
| Vallesian | 8.7 | |||||||||
| Serravallian | Middle Miocene | Cenozoic 5 | Astaracian | 11.63 | ||||||
| Langhian | 13.82 | |||||||||
| Burdigalian | Early Miocene | Orleanian | 15.98 | |||||||
| Agenian | 20 | |||||||||
| Aquitanian | 20.44 | |||||||||
| Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | Late Oligocene | Cenozoic 4 | Tabenbulakian | Hsandagolian | 23.03 | |||
| Rupelian | Early Oligocene | Kekeamuan | 27.82 | |||||||
| Eocene | Priabonian | Late Eocene | Cenozoic 3 | Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian | 33.9 | |||||
| Bartonian | Middle Eocene | Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan | 37.71 | |||||||
| Lutetian | Cenozoic 2 | 41.2 | ||||||||
| Ypresian | Early Eocene | Bumbanian | 47.8 | |||||||
| Paleocene | Thanetian | Late Paleocene | Cenozoic 1 | Gashatan | 56 | |||||
| Selandian | Middle Paleocene | 59.2 | ||||||||
| Danian | Early Paleocene | 61.6 | ||||||||
| 66 | ||||||||||