International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
- F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
- J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126520 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand | European Faunal Units | Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | Wanganui | Haweran | 0 | ||||||
| Northgrippian | 0.0042 | ||||||||||
| Greenlandian | 0.0082 | ||||||||||
| Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | 0.0117 | |||||||||
| Chibanian | 0.129 | ||||||||||
| Castlecliffian | 0.34 | ||||||||||
| Calabrian | 0.774 | ||||||||||
| Nukumaruan | 1.63 | ||||||||||
| Gelasian | 1.8 | ||||||||||
| Mangapanian | 2.4 | ||||||||||
| Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | Villanyian | 2.58 | |||||||
| Waipipian | 3 | ||||||||||
| Ruscinian | 3.1 * | ||||||||||
| Zanclean | 3.6 | ||||||||||
| Opoitian | 3.7 | ||||||||||
| Miocene | Messinian | Taranaki | Kapitean | Turolian | 5.333 | ||||||
| Tongaporutuan | 7.2 | ||||||||||
| Tortonian | 7.246 | ||||||||||
| Vallesian | 8.7 | ||||||||||
| Southland | Waiauan | 11.04 | |||||||||
| Serravallian | Astaracian | 11.63 | |||||||||
| Lillburnian | 13.05 | ||||||||||
| Langhian | 13.82 | ||||||||||
| Clifdenian | 15.1 | ||||||||||
| Pareora | Altonian | 15.9 | |||||||||
| Burdigalian | Orleanian | 15.98 | |||||||||
| Otaian | 18.7 | ||||||||||
| Agenian | 20 | ||||||||||
| Aquitanian | 20.44 | ||||||||||
| Landon | Waitakian | 21.7 | |||||||||
| Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | Tabenbulakian | Hsandagolian | 23.03 | ||||||
| Duntroonian | 25.2 | ||||||||||
| Whaingaroan | 27.3 | ||||||||||
| Rupelian | Kekeamuan | 27.82 | |||||||||
| Eocene | Priabonian | Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian | 33.9 | ||||||||
| Arnold | Runangan | 34.6 | |||||||||
| Kaiatan | 36.7 | ||||||||||
| Bartonian | Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan | 37.71 | |||||||||
| Bortonian | 39.1 | ||||||||||
| Lutetian | 41.2 | ||||||||||
| Dannevirke | Porangan | 42.6 | |||||||||
| Heretaungan | 45.7 | ||||||||||
| Ypresian | Bumbanian | 47.8 | |||||||||
| Mangaorapan | 48.9 | ||||||||||
| Waipawan | 52 | ||||||||||
| Paleocene | Thanetian | Teurian | Gashatan | 56 | |||||||
| Selandian | 59.2 | ||||||||||
| Danian | 61.6 | ||||||||||
| 66 | |||||||||||