International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126162 collections
International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Mammal Paleogene Zones | North American Land Mammal Ages | Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | Saintaugustinean | 0 | ||||||
Santarosean | 0.0004 | |||||||||
Northgrippian | 0.0042 | |||||||||
Greenlandian | 0.0082 | |||||||||
Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | 0.0117 | ||||||||
Rancholabrean | 0.014 | |||||||||
Chibanian | 0.129 | |||||||||
Irvingtonian | 0.21 | |||||||||
Calabrian | 0.774 | |||||||||
Blancan | 1.4 | |||||||||
Gelasian | 1.8 | |||||||||
Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | 2.58 | |||||||
Zanclean | 3.6 | |||||||||
Hemphillian | 4.7 | |||||||||
Miocene | Messinian | 5.333 | ||||||||
Tortonian | 7.246 | |||||||||
Clarendonian | 9.4 | |||||||||
Serravallian | 11.63 | |||||||||
Barstovian | 12.5 | |||||||||
Langhian | 13.82 | |||||||||
Burdigalian | 15.98 | |||||||||
Hemingfordian | 16.3 | |||||||||
Arikareean | 18.5 | |||||||||
Aquitanian | 20.44 | |||||||||
Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26 | MP 25 | Tabenbulakian | Hsandagolian | 23.03 | |||
Rupelian | MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21 | Kekeamuan | 27.82 | |||||||
Whitneyan | 29.5 | |||||||||
Orellan | 31.8 | |||||||||
Eocene | Priabonian | MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A | Chadronian | Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian | 33.9 | |||||
Duchesnean | 37 | |||||||||
Bartonian | MP 16 | Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan | 37.71 | |||||||
Uintan | 39.7 | |||||||||
Lutetian | MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11 | 41.2 | ||||||||
Bridgerian | 46.2 | |||||||||
Ypresian | MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7 | Bumbanian | 47.8 | |||||||
Wasatchian | 50.5 | |||||||||
Clarkforkian | 54.9 | |||||||||
Paleocene | Thanetian | MP 6 | MP 1 - 5 | Gashatan | 56 | |||||
Tiffanian | 56.2 | |||||||||
Selandian | 59.2 | |||||||||
Torrejonian | 60.9 | |||||||||
Danian | 61.6 | |||||||||
Puercan | 63.8 | |||||||||
66 |